XiIABYog lub ntsej muag grey thiab zoo ntawm cov tuab ntawm 6.9g / cm3 (6.7g / cm3 (jelting postal), jelting point ntawm 7443 ℃, thiab ductility. Nws yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau muaj ntau tshaj plaws. Bent cerium strips feem ntau yog txaws splasks.
XiIAByog yooj yim oxidized ntawm chav tsev kub thiab loses nws cov lus cua hauv huab cua. Nws tuaj yeem raug hlawv hauv huab cua los ntawm scraping nrog rab riam (cerium yog tsis tau dhau los ua kev sib txuas, tab sis nws yog ib qho kev sib txuas thaum me ntsis oxidized lossis txuam nrog hlau). Thaum rhuab, nws hlawv hauv huab cua los ua Ceria. Muaj peev xwm hnov qab nrog dej npau kom tsim cerium hydroxide, soluble hauv acid tab sis insoluble hauv alkali.
1, cov ntsiab lus tsis meej ntawm cerium caij
Cerium,nrog ib tug atomic naj npawb ntawm 58, belongs rauTsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb ntsiab lusThiab yog ib lub nkoj hauv lub nkoj hauv ib pawg IIib ntawm cov kab ke thib rau. Nws lub cim theem siab yogCe, thiab nws yog ib qho nyiaj xim grey acces. Nws cov hmoov yog nquag dhau kev sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm huab cua thiab yooj yim soluble hauv cov kua qaub thiab txo cov neeg sawv cev. Lub npe cerium los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cerium hauv lub ntiaj teb crust yog li 0.0046%, ua rau nws muaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb
Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj tsev neeg, cerium yog undoubtedly tus "tus tij laug loj". Firstly, tag nrho cov kev nplua mais nyob hauv ntiaj teb crust yog 238 ppm, nrog rau cerium account rau 68 ppm, uas yog 28% ntawm tag nrho cov chaw xa khoom hauv ntiaj teb tsawg; Thib ob, Cerium yog qhov thib ob tsis tshua muaj cuaj xyoos tom qab tshawb pom ntawmyttriumnyob rau hauv 1794. Tam sim no. Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam tau hloov kho, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub vev xaib cov ntaub ntawv rauKev Lag Luam Xov Xwm.
2, lub ntsiab siv cerium
1. Ib puag ncig cov ntaub ntawv phooj ywg, nrog cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws yog cov tshuaj loog catalysts. Ntxiv cerium rau cov siv ternalary catalalysts ntawm cov khoom siv uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li platinum, micradium, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm catalyst thiab txo cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv uas siv tau. Cov pa roj teeb tseem ceeb hauv cov pa roj cua yog cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thiab ammoocaric system, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg cov pa luam yeeb, thiab tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg, tsiaj txhu, thiab nroj tsuag. Ternary tshuab ua qias tuaj yeem ua kom tag nrho oxidize hydocarbons thiab dej carbonide thiab dej, thiab decomepose oxides rau hauv ammonia thiab oxygen (nyob rau lub npe ternary catalysis).
2. Hloov cov roj ntsha ua phem: cerium sulfide tuaj yeem hloov cov hlau lead thiab cadmium uas muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg yog xim liab xim rau plastics. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev lag luam xws li txheej, inks, thiab ntawv. Cov lus teb organic xws li cineish nplua nuj lub teeb tsis tshua muaj zog, PVC yas ruaj khov kho. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj lom xws li xws li cov ntsev txhuas thiab txo cov khoom kim xws li cov ntsev drilling. 3 Siv los ua cov pub noj ntxiv, nws tuaj yeem nce lub qe tsim cov nqaij qaib thiab cov ntses muaj sia nyob, thiab tseem txhim kho cov yaj zoo ntawm yaj.
3, cov tebchaw uas muaj cerium
1.Cerium oxide- Cov tshuaj inorganic nrog cov mis nyujTus kab khiav, lub teeb daj lossis daj xim av ib cov hmoov. Density 7.13g / cm3, melting pot 2397 ℃, insoluble hauv dej thiab alkali, me ntsis soluble hauv acid. Nws qhov kev ua tau zoo suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv polishing, catallysts, cov khoom siv cataliant, roj electrolytes, corotive cell electers, cerotive cov kev nqus, thiab lwm yam.
2. Cerium sulfide - nrog cov molecular cov kab mis, yog cov xim zoo nkauj liab xim siv nyob rau hauv lub fields ras powmentics nrog ib tug daj daj inorganic xim. Care rau inorganic pigments, nws muaj cov xim muaj zog, cov khoom siv kub zoo, thiab yog ib qho khoom siv kub zoo rau cov neeg siv cov pa roj av hnyav xws li cadmium liab.
3. Cerium cerloride- tseem hu ua cerium trichhloride, yog ib qho anhydrousCerium cerlorideLos yog cov pas compound ntawm cerium chloride uas ua rau lub qhov muag, ua pa, thiab tawv nqaij. Siv hauv kev lag luam xws li roj av catalysts, cov pa hluav taws xob tsheb catalysts, nruab nrab ntawm cov tebchaw, thiab tseem muaj ntau lawmcerium hlau.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Sep-12-2024