Imikoreshereze nyamukuru yubutaka budasanzwe

icyuma cy'isi kidasanzwe

Kugeza ubu,isi idasanzweibintu bikoreshwa cyane mubice bibiri byingenzi: gakondo nubuhanga buhanitse.Mubikorwa gakondo, kubera ibikorwa byinshi byubutaka budasanzwe, birashobora kweza ibindi byuma kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda.Ongeramo okiside yisi idasanzwe mubyuma bishongesha birashobora gukuraho umwanda nka arsenic, antimony, bismuth, nibindi. yo gukora imiyoboro ya peteroli na gaze.

Ibintu bidakunze kubaho ku isi bifite ibikorwa bya catalitiki isumba byose kandi bikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo guturika bya catalitike yo gucana peteroli mu nganda za peteroli kugirango umusaruro wamavuta yoroheje.Ubutaka budasanzwe nabwo bukoreshwa nk'isukura rya catalitiki yo gusohora ibinyabiziga, ibyuma byangiza amarangi, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya pulasitike, ndetse no mu gukora ibikomoka ku miti nka reberi ya sintetike, ubwoya bw'ubukorikori, na nylon.Gukoresha ibikorwa bya chimique nibikorwa bya ionic ibara ryibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka, bikoreshwa mubikorwa byikirahure ninganda zubutaka kugirango bisobanure ibirahure, gusiga, gusiga irangi, gushushanya, hamwe na ceramic pigment.Ku nshuro ya mbere mu Bushinwa, isi idasanzwe yakoreshejwe mu buhinzi nk'ibikoresho byo mu ifumbire mvaruganda myinshi, biteza imbere umusaruro w'ubuhinzi.Mubikorwa gakondo, cerium groupe idasanzwe yisi ikoreshwa cyane, bingana na 90% byibyo ukoresha byoseisi idasanzweIbintu.

icyuma cy'isi kidasanzwe

Mubikorwa byubuhanga buhanitse, kubera imiterere yihariye ya elegitoronike yaisi idasanzwe,urwego rwingufu zinyuranye zinzibacyuho zitanga ibintu byihariye.Impanuka yayttrium, terbium, naeuropiumzikoreshwa cyane nka fosifori itukura muri tereviziyo yamabara, sisitemu zitandukanye zerekana, no mugukora ifu yamatara atatu yibanze ya fluorescent.Gukoresha isi idasanzwe ya magnetique idasanzwe kugirango ikore magnesi zitandukanye zihoraho, nka samarium cobalt ya magneti ahoraho hamwe na neodymium icyuma cya boron gihoraho, gifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa mubice bitandukanye byubuhanga buhanitse nka moteri yamashanyarazi, ibikoresho bya magnetiki resonance yerekana amashusho, maglev gariyamoshi, hamwe na optoelectronics.Ikirahuri cya Lanthanum gikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byinzira zitandukanye, lens, na fibre optique.Cerium ikirahuri ikoreshwa nkibikoresho birwanya imirasire.Ikirahuri cya Neodymium na yttrium aluminium garnet idasanzwe yisi igizwe na kristu ni ibikoresho byingenzi bya auroral.

Mu nganda za elegitoroniki, ububumbyi butandukanye hiyongereyehookiside neodymium,okiside, naYttriumzikoreshwa nkibikoresho bitandukanye bya capacitor.Ubutaka budasanzwe bukoreshwa mugukora bateri ya hydrogène hydrogène.Mu nganda zingufu za atome, okiside yttrium ikoreshwa mugukora inkoni zo kugenzura ibyuma bya kirimbuzi.Amavuta yoroheje yihanganira ubushyuhe bukozwe mu matsinda ya cerium ibintu bidasanzwe ku isi na aluminium na magnesium bikoreshwa mu nganda zo mu kirere mu gukora ibice by'indege, icyogajuru, misile, roketi, n'ibindi.Ubutaka budasanzwe nabwo bukoreshwa mubikoresho birenze urugero na magnetostrictive, ariko iyi ngingo iracyari mubushakashatsi niterambere.

Ibipimo byubuziranenge kuriicyuma cy'isi kidasanzweumutungo urimo ibintu bibiri: ibisabwa muri rusange inganda zikenerwa kubutaka budasanzwe hamwe nubuziranenge bwubutaka budasanzwe.Ibiri muri F, CaO, TiO2, na TFe muri fluorocarbon cerium ore yibanze bizasesengurwa nuwabitanze, ariko ntibizakoreshwa nkibishingirwaho kugirango bisuzumwe;Ibipimo byubuziranenge bivanze na bastnaesite na monazite birakoreshwa kuri concentrated yabonetse nyuma yo kunguka.Umwanda P na CaO mubicuruzwa byo mucyiciro cya mbere bitanga gusa amakuru kandi ntabwo akoreshwa nkibanze ryo gusuzuma;Monazite yibanze ku kwibumbira mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro nyuma yo kunguka;Fosifore yttrium ore yibanze kandi bivuga kwibanda ku nyungu ziva mu mucanga.

Iterambere no kurinda ubutare bwisi budasanzwe burimo tekinoroji yo kugarura amabuye.Kuzunguruka, gutandukanya imbaraga, gutandukanya magnetiki, hamwe no kugirira akamaro hamwe byose byakoreshejwe mugutunganya amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe.Ibintu nyamukuru bigira ingaruka ku gutunganya ibicuruzwa birimo ubwoko n’ibibaho bigize isi idasanzwe, imiterere, imiterere, nogukwirakwiza ibiranga amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe, n'ubwoko n'ibiranga amabuye y'agaciro ya gangue.Uburyo butandukanye bwo kunguka bugomba guhitamo ukurikije ibihe byihariye.

Inyungu zubutaka bwambere budasanzwe busanzwe bukoresha uburyo bwa flotation, akenshi bwuzuzanya nuburemere no gutandukanya magnetique, bigakora guhuza imbaraga za flotation, flotation magnetique itandukanya imbaraga rukuruzi.Ntibisanzwe abashyira isi bibanda cyane kuburemere, byongerwaho no gutandukanya magnetiki, flotation, no gutandukanya amashanyarazi.Ubutaka bwa Baiyunebo budasanzwe bubitse ubutare muri Mongoliya Imbere bugizwe ahanini na monazite na fluorocarbon cerium.Ubutaka budasanzwe burimo 60% REO irashobora kuboneka ukoresheje uburyo buvanze bwo kuvanga flotation yogeje imbaraga zo gutandukanya imbaraga.Ubutaka bwa Yaniuping budasanzwe muri Mianning, Sichuan butanga cyane cyane ubutare bwa fluorocarbon cerium, kandi isi idasanzwe irimo 60% REO nayo iboneka hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutandukanya imbaraga za rukuruzi.Guhitamo ibikoresho bya flotation nurufunguzo rwo gutsinda uburyo bwa flotation bwo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro.Amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe yakozwe nubucukuzi bwa Nanshan Haibin muri Guangdong ni monazite na fosifate yttrium.Ibishishwa byabonetse mu koza amazi yagaragaye bikorerwa inyungu za spiral, bigakurikirwa no gutandukanya imbaraga, byongerwaho no gutandukanya magnetiki no guhinduranya, kugirango bibone monazite irimo 60.62% REO hamwe na fosifori irimo Y2O525.35%.


Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-17-2023