Muna 1788, Karl Arrhenius, mukuru weSweden uyo aive amateur akadzidza chemistry uye mineralogy uye akaunganidza ores, akawana zvicherwa zvitema zvine chitarisiko cheasphalt nemarasha mumusha weYtterby kunze kweStockholm Bay, yakanzi Ytterbit zvinoenderana nezita renzvimbo.
Muna 1794, chiremba wemakemikari wekuFinnish John Gadolin akaongorora iyi sampuli yeItebite.Yakawanikwa kuti kuwedzera kune oxides ye beryllium, silicon, uye iron, iyo oxide ine 38% yezvinhu zvisingazivikanwi inonzi "nyika itsva".Muna 1797, nyanzvi yekemisitiri yeSweden Anders Gustaf Ekeberg akasimbisa iyi “nyika itsva” uye akaitumidza kuti yttrium earth (kureva kuti oxide ye yttrium).
Yttriumisimbi inoshandiswa nevakawanda ine mashandisirwo makuru anotevera.
(1) Zvinowedzera zvesimbi uye zvisiri-ferrous alloys.FeCr alloys anowanzo ane 0.5% kusvika 4% yttrium, iyo inogona kuwedzera kupikisa oxidation uye ductility yezvisimbi zvisina tsvina;Mushure mekuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hweyttrium yakapfuma isingawanzo musanganiswa wepasi kune MB26 alloy, kuita kwese kweiyo alloy inovandudzwa zvakanyanya, iyo inogona kutsiva mamwe epakati simba aruminiyamu alloys kuti ashandiswe mundege inotakura zvinhu;Kuwedzera shoma shoma yeyttrium yakapfuma isingawanzo pasi kune Al Zr alloy inogona kuvandudza conductivity yealloy;Iyi alloy yakagamuchirwa nemafekitori mazhinji ewaya epamba;Kuwedzera yttrium kune copper alloys inovandudza conductivity uye simba remagetsi.
(2) Silicon nitride ceramic zvinhu zvine 6% yttrium uye 2% aruminiyamu inogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zveinjini.
(3) Shandisa 400W neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet laser beam kuita mechanical processing sekuchera, kucheka, uye welding pazvinhu zvakakura.
(4) Erekitironi maikorosikopu fluorescent skrini inoumbwa neY-A1 garnet imwe crystal wafers ine yakakwirira fluorescence kupenya, kuderera kunyura kwechiedza chakapararira, kumira zvakanaka kune tembiricha yepamusoro uye kupfeka kwemuchina.
(5) High yttrium structural alloys ine inosvika 90% yttrium inogona kushandiswa mundege uye mamwe maapplication anoda yakaderera density uye yakakwirira melting point.
(6) Parizvino, yttrium doped SrZrO3 high-temperature proton conducting material yakwezva vanhu vakawanda, iyo inokosha zvikuru pakugadzirwa kwemafuta emafuta, electrolytic cell uye gasi sensors inoda high hydrogen solubility.Uye zvakare, yttrium inoshandiswawo seyakakwira tembiricha inodzivirira kupfapfaidza zvinhu, diluent yenyukireya reactor mafuta, yekusingaperi magineti yekuwedzera zvinhu uye getter muindasitiri yemagetsi.
Yttrium simbi ine zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa, ine yttrium aluminium garnet inoshandiswa se laser material, yttrium iron garnet inoshandiswa microwave teknolojia uye inzwi rekufambisa simba, uye europium doped yttrium vanadate uye europium doped yttrium oxide inoshandiswa se phosphors yemavara terevhizheni.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-21-2023