Lanthanum, chikamu 57 chetafura ye periodic.
Kuitira kuti tafura ye periodic yezvinhu itaridzike zvakanyanya kupindirana, vanhu vakaburitsa marudzi gumi neshanu ezvinyorwa, kusanganisira lanthanum, iyo nhamba yeAtomiki inowedzera, ndokuiisa zvakasiyana pasi petafura yeperiodic.Zvinhu zvavo zvemakemikari zvakafanana.Ivo vanogovana latisi yechitatu mumutsara wechitanhatu wetafura yeperiodic, iyo yakaunganidzwa inonzi "Lanthanide" uye ndeye "zvisingawanzo pasi zvinhu".Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, zviri mukati me lanthanum mugoko repasi zvakaderera zvikuru, yechipiri chete kune cerium.
Pakupera kwa1838, nyanzvi yekemisitiri yekuSweden Mossander akataura nezveiyo okisidhi itsva selanthanide pasi uye chinhu ichi selanthanum.Kunyange zvazvo mhedziso yave ichizivikanwa nemasayendisiti akawanda, Mossander achiri kusava nechokwadi pamusoro pemigumisiro yake yakabudiswa nokuti akaona mavara akasiyana-siyana mukuedza: dzimwe nguva lanthanum inooneka mutsvuku tsvuku, dzimwe nguva muchena, uye dzimwe nguva mupink sechinhu chechitatu.Izvi zviitiko zvakaita kuti atende kuti lanthanum inogona kunge yakasanganiswa secerium.
Lanthanum simbiisimbi yesirivha chena yakapfava inogona kugadzirwa, kutatamurwa, kuchekwa nebanga, inoora zvishoma nezvishoma mumvura inotonhora, inoita zvechisimba mumvura inopisa, uye inogona kubudisa gasi rehydrogen.Inogona kuita zvakananga nezvakawanda zvisiri-metallic zvinhu senge kabhoni, nitrogen, boron, selenium, nezvimwe.
A white amorphous powder uye nonmagneticLanthanum oxideinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.Vanhu vanoshandisa lanthanum panzvimbo yesodium uye calcium kugadzira bentonite yakagadziridzwa, inozivikanwawo se phosphorous locking agent.
Iyo Eutrophication yemuviri wemvura inonyanya kukonzerwa nekunyanyisa phosphorus chinhu chiri mumvura yemvura, izvo zvinozotungamira mukukura kweblue-girini algae uye inopedza yakanyungudika okisijeni mumvura, zvichikonzera kufa kwakapararira kwehove.Kana isina kurapwa nenguva, mvura inonhuwa uye kunaka kwemvura kunowedzera.Kuramba kuchibuda kwemvura yemumba uye kushandisa zvakanyanya phosphorus ine mafetireza kwakawedzera kuwanda kwe phosphorus mumvura.Yakagadziridzwa bentonite ine lanthanum inowedzerwa kumvura uye inogona kunyatso dsorb yakawandisa phosphorus mumvura sezvainogadzika pasi.Kana ichidzika pasi, inogonawo kupfuudza phosphorus pamvura yevhu, kudzivirira kusunungurwa kwe phosphorus mumatope emvura, uye kudzora phosphorus mumvura, Kunyanya, inogona kugonesa phosphorus element kutora phosphate mukati. chimiro che hydrates ye lanthanum phosphate, kuitira kuti algae irege kushandisa phosphorus mumvura, nokudaro ichidzivisa kukura uye kubereka kwebhuruu-green algae, uye kunyatsogadzirisa Eutrophication inokonzerwa nephosphorus mumvura yakasiyana-siyana yakadai semadziva, madhamu uye nzizi.
Kuchena kwepamusoroLanthanum oxideinogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira chaiyo lenzi uye yakakwirira refractive optical fiber board.Lanthanum inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira Night-vision mudziyo, kuitira kuti masoja apedze mabasa ekurwa husiku sezvaanoita masikati.Lanthanum oxide inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira Ceramic capacitor, piezoelectric ceramics uye X-ray luminescent zvinhu.
Paunenge uchitsvaga mamwe mafossil fuels, vanhu vakatarisa pane yakachena simba rehydrogen, uye hydrogen kuchengetedza zvinhu ndiyo kiyi yekushandiswa kwehydrogen.Nekuda kwekupisa uye kuputika kwehydrogen, masilinda ekuchengetera mahydrogen anogona kuratidzika kunge akaomarara.Kuburikidza nekuongorora kunoenderera mberi, vanhu vakawana kuti Lanthanum-nickel alloy, metal hydrogen storage material, ine simba rakasimba rekutora hydrogen.Inogona kutora mamorekuru ehaidhirojeni yoaparadza kuita maatomu ehydrogen, yozochengeta maatomu ehydrogen mugedhi resimbi resimbi kuti riite metal hydride.Kana ma hydride esimbi aya apiswa, anoora uye oburitsa haidrojeni, iyo yakaenzana negaba rekuchengetera hydrogen, asi vhoriyamu nehuremu hudiki kwazvo pane hwemasilinda esimbi, saka anogona kushandiswa kugadzira anode zvinhu zveNickel inochajika. -metal hydride bhatiri uye hybrid mota dzemagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-01-2023