I-Lanthanum element yokuxazulula i-Eutrophication yomzimba wamanzi

I-Lanthanum, ingxenye 57 yethebula le-periodic.

Ukuze kwenziwe ithebula le-periodic lezinto libukeke livumelana kakhudlwana, abantu bakhiphe izinhlobo ze-elementi ezingu-15, okuhlanganisa i-lanthanum, inombolo yazo ye-Atomic inyuka ngokushintshana, futhi bayibeka ngokwehlukana ngaphansi kwetafula le-periodic.Amakhemikhali abo ayafana.Babelana nge-lattice yesithathu emugqeni wesithupha wethebula le-periodic, elibizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi "i-Lanthanide" futhi eyingxenye "yezinto zomhlaba ezingavamile".Njengoba igama liphakamisa, okuqukethwe kwe-lanthanum oqweqweni lomhlaba kuphansi kakhulu, okwesibili ngemuva kwe-cerium.

Ekupheleni kuka-1838, usokhemisi waseSweden uMossander wabiza i-oxide entsha ngokuthi umhlaba we-lanthanide kanye nesici ngokuthi i-lanthanum.Nakuba isiphetho siye saqashelwa ososayensi abaningi, uMossander usenokungabaza ngemiphumela yakhe eshicilelwe ngoba wabona imibala ehlukene ocwaningweni: ngezinye izikhathi i-lanthanum ivela ngokunsomi obomvu, ngezinye izikhathi ibe mhlophe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibe pink njengento yesithathu.Lezi zenzakalo zamenza wakholelwa ukuthi i-lanthanum ingase ibe ingxube efana ne-cerium.

I-Lanthanum metaliyinsimbi ethambile emhlophe esiliva engakhanjwa, yelulwe, isikwe ngommese, igqwale kancane emanzini abandayo, iphendule ngobudlova emanzini ashisayo, futhi ingakhipha igesi ye-hydrogen.Ingasabela ngokuqondile ngezinto eziningi ezingezona ezensimbi njengekhabhoni, i-nitrogen, i-boron, i-selenium, njll.

Impushana emhlophe e-amorphous kanye ne-nonmagneticI-Lanthanum oxideisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izimboni.Abantu basebenzisa i-lanthanum esikhundleni se-sodium ne-calcium ukwenza i-bentonite eguquliwe, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-agent yokukhiya i-phosphorus.

I-Eutrophication yomzimba wamanzi ibangelwa ikakhulukazi isici se-phosphorus emzimbeni wamanzi, okuzoholela ekukhuleni kwe-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi kudle umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini, okuholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi.Uma engelashwanga ngesikhathi, amanzi azonuka futhi izinga lamanzi liyoba libi kakhulu.Ukukhishwa okuqhubekayo kwamanzi asekhaya kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-phosphorus equkethe umanyolo kuye kwandisa ukugcwala kwe-phosphorus emanzini.I-bentonite eguquliwe equkethe i-lanthanum yengezwa emanzini futhi ingakhanga ngokuphumelelayo i-phosphorus eningi emanzini njengoba ihlala phansi.Lapho izinza phansi, ingaphinda idlulise i-phosphorus emhlabathini wamanzi, ivimbele ukukhululwa kwe-phosphorus odongeni olungaphansi kwamanzi, futhi ilawule okuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus emanzini, Ikakhulukazi, ingenza isici se-phosphorus sibambe i-phosphate emanzini. uhlobo lwama-hydrates we-lanthanum phosphate, ukuze i-algae ingakwazi ukusebenzisa i-phosphorus emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwe-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ixazulule ngokuphumelelayo i-Eutrophication ebangelwa i-phosphorus emanzini ahlukene njengamachibi, amachibi nemifula.

Ukuhlanzeka okuphezuluI-Lanthanum oxideingasetshenziswa futhi ukwenza amalensi anembayo kanye namabhodi ama-fiber optical refractive aphezulu.I-Lanthanum ingase isetshenziselwe ukwenza idivayisi yokubona ebusuku, ukuze amasosha akwazi ukuqeda imisebenzi yokulwa ebusuku njengoba enza emini.I-Lanthanum oxide ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwenza i-Ceramic capacitor, i-piezoelectric ceramics kanye ne-X-ray luminescent materials.

Lapho behlola ezinye izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi, abantu baye bagxila emandleni ahlanzekile e-hydrogen, futhi izinto zokugcina i-hydrogen ziwukhiye wokusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen.Ngenxa yokuvutha nokuqhuma kwe-hydrogen, amasilinda okugcina i-hydrogen angabonakala exakile ngendlela emangalisayo.Ngokuhlola okuqhubekayo, abantu bathola ukuthi i-Lanthanum-nickel alloy, i-metal hydrogen storage material, inamandla amakhulu okubamba i-hydrogen.Ingakwazi ukuthwebula ama-molecule e-hydrogen futhi iwabolise abe ama-athomu e-hydrogen, bese igcina ama-athomu e-hydrogen esikhaleni se-metal lattice ukuze akhe i-hydride yensimbi.Uma lawa ma-hydride ensimbi efudunyezwa, azobola futhi akhiphe i-hydrogen, elingana nesitsha sokugcina i-hydrogen, kodwa umthamo nesisindo kuncane kakhulu kunamasilinda ensimbi, ngakho-ke angasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto ze-anode zeNikeli ekwazi ukushajwa. -ibhethri ye-metal hydride nezimoto zikagesi eziyi-hybrid.