I-Dysprosium: Yenziwe Umthombo Okhanyayo Wokuthuthukisa Ukukhula Kwezitshalo

I-Dysprosium, ingxenye 66 yethebula le-periodic

UJia Yi Wobukhosi BakwaHan wabhala kwethi "On Ten Crimes of Qin" ukuthi "kufanele siqoqe wonke amasosha emhlabeni, siwaqoqe eXianyang, futhi siwathengise".Lapha, 'i-dysprosium' ibhekisela ekugcineni okucijile komcibisholo.Ngo-1842, ngemva kokuba i-Mossander ihlukanise futhi ithole i-terbium ne-erbium ku-yttrium earth, osokhemisi abaningi banquma ngokuhlaziywa kwe-spectral ukuthi kungase kube nezinye izakhi ku-yttrium Earth.Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kamuva, usokhemisi ongumFulentshi u-Bouvard é rand wahlukanisa ngempumelelo umhlaba we-holmium, enye iseyi-holmium, kanti enye ingxenye yagcina ihlonzwe njengento entsha, okuyi-dysprosium.

Izinto ezisekelwe ku-Dysprosium zinga-odwa zibe omazibuthe be-block emazingeni okushisa athile, futhi lokhu kushisa kusondelene kakhulu nezinga lokushisa lapho izinto ezisekelwe ku-manganese zikhiqiza khona lokhu kusebenza.Iphesenti elithile le-dysprosium lizokwengezwa kumazibuthe ahlala njalo e-Nd-Fe-B.Cishe u-2%~3% kuphela ongakhuphula i-Coercivity kozibuthe unomphela, okuyingxenye edingekayo yokwengeza kuzibuthe ze-Nd-Fe-B.Ngisho nozibuthe be-neodymium iron boron basebenzisa i-dysprosium ukuze bangene esikhundleni sengxenye ye-neodymium ukuze bathuthukise ukumelana nokushisa komazibuthe.Ngamazibuthe e-dysprosium neodymium iron boron, angaba nokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu futhi asetshenziswe ezimotweni zikagesi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

I-Dysprosiumfuthii-terbiumziyipheya enhle, futhi i-terbium dysprosium iron alloy ekhiqizwayo inozibuthe obalulekile kanye ne-coefficient yezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu le-magnetostriction phakathi kwezinto zokwakha.Besebenzisa amanye amakristalu kasawoti e-Paramagnetism dysprosium, ososayensi benze isiqandisi esinokushisa nokushisa.

Imvelaphi yobuchwepheshe bokuqopha kazibuthe ingalandelelwa emuva ekusetshenzisweni kweziqophamazwi zensimbi ngo-1875. Namuhla, ukuqoshwa kwe-magneto-optical kuhlanganisa ukurekhodwa kwe-optical kanye nokazibuthe, okunomthamo omkhulu wesitoreji kanye nomsebenzi wokusula ngokuphindaphindiwe.I-Dysprosium inesivinini esikhulu sokurekhoda nokuzwela kokufunda.

Isibani se-dysprosium sezinto zokukhanyisa silungiswa kanye ne-dysprosium kanyei-holmium.Amalambu e-Dysprosium amalambu akhipha igesi enamandla kakhulu, ngokungafani nezibani ezivamile ze-incandescent ezikhipha ukukhanya ngezintambo ze-tungsten.Ngenkathi zikhipha ukukhanya, ziphinde zikhiqize ukushisa.Cishe u-70% wamandla kagesi aguqulwa abe amandla ashisayo.Uma isikhathi sokusetshenziswa sithatha isikhathi eside, izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka, futhi kulula kakhulu ukushiswa kwezintambo ze-tungsten.Amalambu e-Dysprosium akhipha ukukhanya ngokufakwa kukagesi kwegesi ngomfutho ophansi, futhi amandla amaningi kagesi angashintshwa abe amandla okukhanya, awonga amandla, acwebezelayo, futhi aphile isikhathi eside.Ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo, bangakha ukukhanya okuphindwe kathathu kwezibani ze-incandescent.Isibani se-Dysprosium siwuhlobo lwesibani se-Metal-halide, esigcwele i-iodide ye-Dysprosium(III), i-Thallium(I) iodide, i-mercury, njll., futhi ingakhipha i-spectrum yayo eminyene ehlukile.Isibani se-dysprosium sokukhanya kwelanga esikhanyayo sinongqimba olukhanyayo.Inokukhanya okuphezulu kwe-Radiant intensity kanye nemisebe ye-infrared ephansi endaweni ye-spectral ebanzi ukusuka ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya ekukhanyeni okubomvu okuwolintshi.Iwumthombo wokukhanya ofanelekile wokuhlolwa kwezolimo, ukutshalwa kwezitshalo, kanye nokusheshisa ukukhula kwezitshalo.Ibizwa nangokuthi isibani somphumela wezinto eziphilayo, esilungele amabhokisi esimo sezulu ahlukahlukene, amabhokisi ezinto eziphilayo zokwenziwa, izindawo zokugcina izithombo, nezinye izikhathi.Kungenza izitshalo zikhule kangcono.

I-Dysprosium doped luminescent materials ingasetshenziswa njenge-tricolor phosphors ukukhiqiza ama-activator e-phosphor.

I-Dysprosium inamandla okuthwebula ama-neutron futhi inengxenye enkulu ye-Neutron Capture cross, ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa ukukala i-neutron spectrum noma njengesimunyisi se-neutron embonini yamandla e-athomu.