Cerium, m'modzi mwa zitsulo zapadziko lapansi zochulukirapo

Ceumndi chitsulo chamtundu wa imvi ndi chitsulo chazitsulo cha 6.9g / cm3 (khwalala), 6.7G / masentimita / cm3 (malo owiritsa 7943 ℃, ndi maudindo. Ndi chitsulo chachilengedwe kwambiri cha Lantanide. Zovala za Cent Cerne

Ceumimabisala mosavuta firiji ndipo imataya losuta mlengalenga. Itha kuwotchedwa mlengalenga pomata ndi mpeni (cerium yoyera siyikukonda kokhazikika, koma imakonda kwambiri pakukhazikika pakakhala ozizira pang'ono pang'ono. Atatenthedwa, amayaka mlengalenga kuti apange corsia. Zitha kuchitira ndi madzi otentha kuti apange crium hydroxide, kusungunuka mu asidi koma osakhazikika ku Alkali.

1, chinsinsi cha Crium element

Ceum,ndi nambala ya atomiki ya 58, ndi yazinthu zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansindipo ndi gawo la Lantanide mu Gulu IIIB dongosolo la chisanu ndi chimodzi. Chizindikiro chake chakonzedwaCe, ndipo ndi chitsulo cha imvi. Ufa wake umakhala wokhazikika mu mpweya ndipo umasungunuka mosavuta mu macidis ndi ochepetsa. Cirimu dzina la Crium limachokera kuti zomwe zili mu Crium padziko lapansi zili pafupi 0.0046%, ndikupangitsa kukhala chinthu chochuluka kwambiri padziko lapansi

M'banja laing'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi, Cerium ndi osakayikira "m'bale wamkulu". Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa anthu osowa kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi 238 ppm, ndi phonamu kujambula kwa 68 ppm, komwe ndi 28% ya magawidwe onse omwe agawire padziko lapansi; Kachiwiri, Cerium anali wachiwiri wapadziko lapansi wosowa kwambiri atapeza zaka zisanu ndi zinayi pambuyo pa kutha kwaYNTriummu 1794. Pakadali pano, chidziwitso choyenera chasinthidwa, mutha kuyang'ana tsamba lazomweNkhani Zamalonda.

2, Akuluakulu a Crium

1. Zida zochezeka zachilengedwe, ndi ntchito yoyimilira kwambiri kuti ikhale yotsuka ya magetsi. Kuphatikiza Cerum momwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsidwira ntchito zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga platinam, rhodium, palladium, etc. amatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Zoyipa zazikuluzikulu zamagetsi ndi mpweya wotulutsa ndi kaboni monoxide, ma hydrocarbons, ndi ma ammonios ojambula, amapanga ma carcinogen, ziweto, ndi zomera. Tekinoloji yoyeretsa imatha kusintha kwathunthu ma hydrocarbons ndi ma carbocarbons kuti apange kaboni dayosimu ndi madzi, ndipo kuwola dzina la ozizira komanso mpweya wabwino.

2. Kugonjera Zitsulo Zoipa: Cerium sulfide imatha kulowa m'malo mwa chitsogozo monga kutsogolera ndi Cadmium zomwe ndizoyipa kwa chilengedwe ndi anthu monga utoto wofiyira wa pulasitiki. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'makampani monga zokutira, inks, ndi pepala. Zopangidwa ndi anthu organic monga kuwala kopepuka kwa Cerlic Run Bret Sytts amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zouma za PVC, ndi mc nylon fidierers. Amatha kusintha zinthu zopweteka monga mchere wotsogolera ndikuchepetsa zida zotsika mtengo monga mchere wobadwira. 3. Kukula kokulirapo Wogwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya chodyetsa nkhuku, zimatha kuwonjezera mazira ndi nsomba zopulumuka za nsomba ndi ulimi wa shrimp, komanso kusinthanso ubweya waubweya wautali wautali.

3, zofala zofala za cerium
1.Cerium Oxide- chinthu chovomerezeka ndi njira ya mankhwalaCEO2, chikasu chachikaso kapena chikasu chofiirira. Kuchulukitsa 7.13g / masentimita, kusungunuka 397 ℃, influble m'madzi ndi alkali, sungunuka pang'ono mu asidi. Kuchita kwake kumaphatikizapo zopindika, zothandizira, zonyamula katundu (zowonjezera), zonyamula ma elevaviolet), ma cell a mafuta otulutsa, enramic yamagetsi, etc.

2. Cerium sulfide - ndi ma clamula a ces, utoto watsopano wobiriwira komanso chilengedwe womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu minda ya pulasitiki, zojambula, utoto, etc. Ndi chinthu chofiyira chofiira cha pigrament. Ali m'gulu lazomwezi, lili ndi mphamvu zowoneka bwino, mtundu wowala, kutentha kwabwino, kukana kwanyengo, komanso chinthu chothandiza, ndipo ndi chinthu chothandiza kwambiri cha cadmium.

3. Ceum chloride- imadziwikanso kuti Crich Trichloride, ndi nyimboceum chlorideKapenanso mafuta ophatikizika a crish cloride yomwe imakwiyitsa maso, kupuma, ndi khungu. Ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale monga ma petroleum catalysts, othandizira otulutsa mafuta, mitundu yapakatikati, komanso popangachitsulo cha cerium.