I-cerium, enye yeentsimbi zomhlaba onqabileyo kunye nemfundo ephezulu yendalo

I-ceriumYintsimbi engwevu neyokuxinana kwe-6.9G / cm3 (i-cystal ye-cubic), i-6.7G / CM3 Yeyona nto ininzi yentsimbi ye-lanthen. I-Bent Crium Strips ihlala i-splash spark.

I-ceriumi-oxidd mhlawumbi i-oxidd kubushushu begumbi kwaye iphulukana ne-luster yayo. Ingatshiswa emoyeni ngokukrola ngesitshetshe (i-cerium ecocekileyo ayiphelelwanga kwi-quationotion yokuxhasa i-quation, kodwa ityekele kakhulu ekuqhubeni i-axids okanye i-iron encinci). Xa ushushu, ivutha emoyeni ukuba ivelise i-ciaria. Ungasabela ngamanzi abilayo ukuze uvelise i-cerium hydroxide, inyibilikiswe kwi-acid kodwa i-insolline e-Alkali.

1, imfihlakalo ye-cieum

I-cerium,ngenani leatomic le-58, yeyakhoizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlabakwaye yindawo ye-lanthanide kwiqela leib yenkqubo yesithandathu yexesha lesithandathu. Isimboli sayo esiyikisayoCe, kwaye yintsimbi yesilivere engekhoyo. Umgubo wayo uthandane nokudibanisa i-quimbaous emoyeni kwaye inyibilika ngokulula kwii-Acids kunye neearhente zokunciphisa. Igama elithi i-cirium livela kwinto yokuba umxholo we-cirium esemhlabeni une-0.0046%, esenza eyona nto inqabileyo yomhlaba onqabileyo

Kusapho olunqabileyo lomhlaba, i-cerium ayithandabuzeki "umzalwana omkhulu". Okokuqala, intabalala yehlabathi lonke elinqabileyo kumhlaba onqabileyo we-238 PPM, nge-Cerium Accounting ye-68 PPM, eyi-28% yomhlaba onqabileyo womhlaba onqabileyo kunye nenqanaba lokuqala; Okwesibini, i-cerium yayingumhlaba wesibini onqabileyo wafumanisa iminyaka elithoba emva kokufunyanwa kweyttriumNgo-1794. Okwangoku, ulwazi olufanelekileyo luhlaziyiwe, ungajonga iwebhusayithi yolwaziIindaba zeShishini.

2, Owona msebenzi uphambili we-cerium

I-1. Izinto ezinobuhlobo bokusingqongileyo, kunye nesicelo esimele indalo esimele se-Automotive Catallys. Ukongeza i-cerium ukuya kwi-terium ye-geriary ye-tenary ye-platals ezixabisekileyo ezinje ngeplatinam, i-rhodium, i-pilladium, njlnjl. Inokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kunciphisa inani leentsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo. Owona mduli uphambili kwi-gebon monoxide, i-hydrocarbons, kunye ne-Amonia oxidene, enokuthi ichaphazele umsi we-hematopoiet, kwaye ivelise umonakalo ebantwini, izilwanyana kunye nezityalo. Itekhnoloji yokuhlambulula i-Ternary inokuthi ixhase ngokupheleleyo i-hydrocarbons kunye nekharbon monoxide ukuba ivelise i-carbon diokbon diokbide kunye nokulahla i-Ammonia kwi-Ammonia kunye ne-oxygen (ngenxa yoko i-tenary catary yesifo).

I-2. Ukufakwa endaweni yeentsimbi eziyingozi: i-cerium sulfide inokutshintsha izinyithi ezinje nge-Count kunye neCadmium enobungozi kwingingqi ebomvu kunye nearhente ebomvu yePlastiki. Ingasetyenziselwa amashishini anjengeengubo, i-inks kunye nephepha. Imigaqo-nkqubo ye-organic efana ne-cierium enqabileyo enqabileyo ye-Cyclic Syclic ikwasetyenziswa njengeearhente ezomileyo zepeyinti, iplastiki yePICS, kunye ne-MC NYLOLO Quimiers. Banokuthatha indawo enetyhefu izinto ezinjengeetyuwa ezikhokelayo kwaye banciphise izinto ezibizayo ezifana nezityu ezithambileyo. 3. Amaziko okukhula ngokukhula, ikakhulu ubukhulu becala izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezifana ne-cirium, inokuphucula umgangatho wesityalo, ukongeza isivuno, kunye nokomeleza ukunyangwa kwesityalo. Isetyenziswe njengowongezi, inokunyusa inqanaba lemveliso yeqanda lenkukhu kunye nenqanaba lokusinda kweentlanzi kunye nokufuya i-shrimp, kwaye kuphucule umgangatho woboya wegusha ende.

3, Imilinganiselo exhaphakileyo ye-cerium
1.I-cerium oxide-Izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngefomathi yekhemicaliI-CEO2, umgubo ophuzi ophuzi ophuzi okanye ophuzi emdaka. Ukuxinana 7.13g / CM3, inqaku lokunyibilika 2397 ℃, infolling emanzini naseAlkali, inyibilikisi kancinci kwi-acid. Intsebenzo yayo ibandakanya izixhobo zokucoca, i-catalysts, ii-catalyst carries (i-onraviolet), i-onraviolet abserbers, ii-ofisi ze-iltraviolet, ii-octrolytes ze-ofisi, i-elektroniki, njl.

I-2. I-Cerium sulfide-ngefomula yemolekyuli, yindawo ebomvu ebomvu enobuhlobo esetyenziswayo kwicandelo leplastiki, iingubo, iipeyinti, i-pigs, njl njl. Inxalenye ye-inorganic pignments, inemibala eqinileyo yebala, umbala oqaqambileyo, ukuxhathisa ngobushushu, ukunganyangeki kwemozulu, i-subreng yemozulu, kwaye yeyona nto iphambili kwi-CADMICKIC ye-CADMPANICS.

3. I-cerium chloride-Ukwabizwa ngokuba yi-cerium ye-cerium ye-cerium, yiyontoi-cerium chlorideokanye i-hydding ye-cerium chloride ecaphukisa amehlo, inkqubo yokuphefumla, kunye nolusu. Isetyenziswe kumashishini anjengePetroleum Catalysts, i-AutoMotive Cafalysts, i-computer ephakathi, kunye nokuveliswa kwei-cerium yentsimbi.