Iindlela zokutsalwa kwescandium
Ngexesha elide emva kokufunyanwa kwayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-scandium akuzange kuboniswe ngenxa yobunzima bayo kwimveliso.Ngokuphucuka okwandayo kweendlela ezinqabileyo zokwahlula izinto zomhlaba, ngoku kukho inkqubo evuthiweyo yokuhamba yokucoca iikhompawundi ze-scandium.Ngenxa yokuba i-scandium ine-alkalinity ebuthathaka kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-yttrium kunye ne-lanthanide element, i-hydroxides iqulethe izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezixutywe ngamaminerali aqukethe i-scandium.Emva kokonyango, i-scandium hydroxide iya kuqala i-precipitate xa idluliselwe kwisisombululo kwaye iphathwe nge-ammonia.Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yemvula ehleliweyo kunokuyahlula ngokulula kwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba.Enye indlela kukusebenzisa i-hierarchical decomposition ye-nitrate yokwahlula, njengoko i-nitric acid iyona nto ilula ukubola kwaye inokufezekisa injongo yokwahlula i-scandium.Ukongezelela, ukubuyiswa ngokubanzi kwe-scandium ehamba kunye ne-uranium, i-tungsten, i-tin kunye nezinye iidiphozithi zamaminerali nazo zingumthombo obalulekileyo we-scandium.
Emva kokufumana i-compound ecocekileyo ye-scandium, iguqulwa ibe yi-ScCl3 kwaye idibene kunye ne-KCI kunye ne-LiCI.I-zinc etyhidiweyo isetyenziswa njenge-cathode ye-electrolysis, ibangela ukuba i-scandium iqhube kwi-zinc electrode.Emva koko, i-zinc iyakhutshwa ngumphunga ukufumana i-metallic scandium.Le yintsimbi emhlophe yesilivere ekhanyayo, kunye neempawu zayo zeekhemikhali nazo zisebenza kakhulu.Inokusabelana namanzi ashushu ukwenza ihydrogen.
Scandiumineempawu zoxinano olusezantsi (phantse lulingane ne-aluminiyam) kunye nendawo ephezulu yokunyibilika.I-Nitriding (SCN) inendawo yokunyibilika ye-2900 ℃ kunye ne-conductivity ephezulu, iyenza isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini ombane kunye nonomathotholo.I-Scandium yenye yezixhobo ze-thermonuclear reactors.I-Scandium inokuvuselela i-phosphorescence ye-ethane kwaye ikhulise ukukhanya okuluhlaza kwe-magnesium oxide.Xa kuthelekiswa nezibane zemercury ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, izibane ezibukhali zesodium zineenzuzo ezifana nokukhanya okuphezulu kokukhanya kunye nombala wokukhanya okhanyayo, ozenza zilungele ukufota iifilimu kunye nokukhanya kweplaza.
I-Scandium ingasetyenziselwa njenge-additive ye-nickel chromium alloys kwi-metallurgical industry ukuvelisa i-alloys ephezulu yokumelana nobushushu.I-Scandium yimathiriyeli ekrwada ebalulekileyo kwiipleyiti zokubona iinkwili.Ubushushu bokutsha bescandium bufikelela kuma-5000 ℃, obunokusetyenziswa kubuchwephesha basemajukujukwini.I-Sc ingasetyenziselwa ukulandelwa kwe-radioactive ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.I-Scandium ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa amayeza.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-16-2023