fadaka ohun elo afẹfẹ

Orukọ ọja: oxide fadaka

CAS: 20667-12-3

Ilana molikula: Ag2O

Iwọn molikula: 231.73

Orukọ Kannada: oxide fadaka

Orukọ Gẹẹsi: Oxide fadaka;Ohun elo afẹfẹ Argentous; fadaka fadaka; ohun elo afẹfẹ disilver; ohun elo afẹfẹ fadaka

Iwọn didara: boṣewa minisita HGB 3943-76

Ohun-ini ti ara

Ilana kemikali Phe ti ohun elo afẹfẹ fadaka jẹ Ag2O, pẹlu iwuwo molikula ti 231.74.Brown tabi grẹyish dudu ri to, pẹlu iwuwo ti 7.143g/cm, nyara decomposes lati dagba fadaka ati atẹgun ni 300 ℃.Tiotuka diẹ ninu omi, tiotuka pupọ ninu acid nitric, amonia, sodium thiosulfate, ati awọn ojutu cyanide potasiomu.Nigbati a ba lo ojutu amonia soke, o yẹ ki o ṣe itọju ni akoko ti akoko.Ifihan gigun le fa awọn kirisita dudu ti o ni ibẹjadi pupọ - nitride fadaka tabi sulfite fadaka.Ti a lo bi oxidant ati awọ gilasi.Ti pese sile nipasẹ didaṣe ojutu iyọ iyọ fadaka pẹlu ojutu iṣuu soda hydroxide.

Kirisita onigun brown tabi lulú dudu dudu.Bond ipari (Ag O) 205pm.Ibajẹ ni awọn iwọn 250, itusilẹ atẹgun.iwuwo 7.220g/cm3 (iwọn 25).Imọlẹ naa di ajẹkù.Fesi pẹlu sulfuric acid lati ṣe agbejade imi-ọjọ fadaka.Die-die tiotuka ninu omi.Soluble ninu omi amonia, ojutu soda hydroxide, dilute nitric acid, ati ojutu thiosulfate soda.Ailopin ninu ethanol.Ti pese sile nipasẹ didaṣe ojutu iyọ iyọ fadaka pẹlu ojutu iṣuu soda hydroxide.Wet Ag2O ni a lo bi ayase nigbati o rọpo halogens pẹlu awọn ẹgbẹ hydroxyl ni iṣelọpọ Organic.Tun lo bi ohun elo ti o tọju ati ẹrọ itanna.

 

Ohun-ini kemikali

Ṣafikun ojutu caustic si ojutu iyọ fadaka fadaka lati gba.Ni akọkọ, ojutu ti fadaka hydroxide ati iyọ ti gba, ati fadaka hydroxide decomposes sinu fadaka oxide ati omi ni yara otutu.Fadaka oxide bẹrẹ lati decompose nigbati kikan si 250 ℃, itusilẹ atẹgun, ati ki o nyara decomposes loke 300 ℃.Diẹ tiotuka ninu omi, ṣugbọn tiotuka pupọ ninu awọn ojutu bii nitric acid, amonia, potasiomu cyanide, ati sodium thiosulfate.Lẹhin ifihan gigun si ojutu amonia rẹ, awọn kirisita dudu ibẹjadi ti o lagbara le ṣafẹri nigba miiran - o ṣee ṣe fadaka nitride tabi fadaka iminide.Ninu iṣelọpọ Organic, awọn ẹgbẹ hydroxyl nigbagbogbo lo lati rọpo halogens tabi bi awọn oxidants.O tun le ṣee lo bi awọ ni ile-iṣẹ gilasi.

 

Ọna igbaradi

Ohun elo afẹfẹ fadaka le ṣee gba nipasẹ didaṣe alkali irin hydroxide pẹlu iyọ fadaka.[1] Idahun akọkọ n ṣe ipilẹṣẹ hydroxide fadaka ti ko ni iduroṣinṣin, eyiti o bajẹ lẹsẹkẹsẹ lati gba omi ati oxide fadaka.Lẹhin ti fifọ omi ti o wa ni erupẹ, o gbọdọ gbẹ ni o kere ju 85 ° C, ṣugbọn o ṣoro pupọ lati yọ omi kekere kan kuro ninu ohun elo afẹfẹ fadaka ni ipari nitori pe bi iwọn otutu ti n pọ si, oxide fadaka yoo decompose.2 Ag+ + 2 OH- → 2 AgOH → Ag2O + H2O.

 

Lilo ipilẹ

Ni akọkọ ti a lo bi ayase fun iṣelọpọ kemikali.O tun lo bi olutọju, ohun elo ẹrọ itanna, awọ gilasi, ati oluranlowo lilọ.Ti a lo fun awọn idi iṣoogun ati bi oluranlowo didan gilasi, awọ, ati purifier omi;Ti a lo bi didan ati aṣoju awọ fun gilasi.

 

Ohun elo dopin

Ohun elo afẹfẹ fadaka jẹ ohun elo elekiturodu fun awọn batiri oxide fadaka.O tun jẹ oxidant ti ko lagbara ati ipilẹ alailagbara ni iṣelọpọ Organic, eyiti o le ṣe pẹlu awọn iyọ imidazole 1,3-disubstituted ati awọn iyọ benzimidazole lati ṣe ina awọn azenes.O le rọpo awọn ligands ti ko ni iduroṣinṣin gẹgẹbi cyclooctadiene tabi acetonitrile bi awọn reagents gbigbe carbene lati ṣajọpọ awọn ile-iṣẹ carbene irin iyipada.Ni afikun, ohun elo afẹfẹ fadaka le ṣe iyipada awọn bromides Organic ati awọn chlorides sinu ọti-lile ni awọn iwọn otutu kekere ati niwaju oru omi.O ti wa ni lilo ni apapo pẹlu iodomethane bi a methylation reagent fun suga methylation onínọmbà ati Hoffman imukuro aati, bi daradara bi fun ifoyina ti aldehydes to carboxylic acids.

 

Alaye aabo

Ipele apoti: II

Ẹka eewu: 5.1

Koodu gbigbe awọn ẹru ti o lewu: UN 1479 5.1/PG 2

WGK Germany:2

koodu ẹka ewu: R34;R8

Awọn ilana aabo: S17-S26-S36-S45-S36/37/39

RTECS nọmba: VW4900000

Aami awọn ọja ti o lewu: O: Aṣoju Oxidizing;C: Ibajẹ;