Uhlobo linthanum, element 57 yetafula lesikhathi.
Ukuze wenze uhlu lwezinhlaka zezikhathi zibukeke zivumelane kakhulu, abantu bakhipha izinhlobo eziyi-15 zezakhi, kufaka phakathi iLanthanum, inombolo yakhe ye-athomu inyuka futhi, futhi ibabeke ngokwahlukana ngaphansi kwethebula lesikhathi. Izakhiwo zazo zamakhemikhali ziyafana. Babelana ngamathati wesithathu emugqeni wesithupha wethebula lesikhathi, elibizwa ngokuthi "iLanthanide" futhi lingelokunye "izinto zomhlaba ezingandile". Njengoba igama libonisa, okuqukethwe kweLanthanum ekuqothulweni komhlaba kuphansi kakhulu, kwesibili kuphela ku-cerium.
Ekupheleni kuka-1838, usokhesi waseSweden waseSweden uMossander wakhuluma nge-oxide entsha njengoMhlaba waseLanthanide kanye nento efana neLanthanum. Yize isiphetho siqashelwe ososayensi abaningi, uMossernge usangabaza ngemiphumela yakhe eshicilelwe ngoba wabona imibala ehlukene kulolo cwaningo: kwesinye isikhathi iLanthanum ivela ngombala onsomi, kwesinye isikhathi emhlophe, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ipinki njengento yesithathu. Lezi zinto ezenze wazenzela ukuthi uLanthanum angaba ingxube efana ne-certium.
Uhlobo lanthanumIngabe insimbi yesiliva emhlophe ethambile engenziwa, yelulwa, inqunywe ngommese, i-corlodes kancane emanzini abandayo, iphendula ngobudlova emanzini ashisayo, futhi ingakhipha igesi ye-hydrogen. Ingaphendula ngokuqondile izakhi eziningi ezingezona zensimbi ezifana nekhabhoni, i-nitrogen, i-boron, i-selenium, njll.
I-amorphous powder emhlophe ne-nonmagneticLanthanum oxideisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni. Abantu basebenzisa iLanthanum esikhundleni se-sodium ne-calcium ukwenza i-bentonite eguquliwe, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-phosphorus Locking Agent.
I-eutrophication yomzimba wamanzi ikakhulukazi ngenxa yento eyeqile ye-phosphorus emzimbeni wamanzi, okuzoholela ekukhuleni kwe-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuzodla i-oksijini eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokudla okuchithiwe emanzini, okuphumela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi ezigcwele. Uma kungenjalo ukuphathwa ngesikhathi, amanzi azonuka futhi ikhwalithi yamanzi izoba yimbi kakhulu. Ukukhishwa okuqhubekayo kwamanzi asekhaya nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-phosphorus equkethe umanyolo kukhulise ukugcwala kwe-phosphorus emanzini. I-bentonite eguquliwe equkethe i-lanthanum equkethe amanzi futhi ingakwazi kahle i-adcerb ye-phosphorus emanzini njengoba ihlala phansi. Lapho ihlala phansi, ingabangela futhi i-phosphorus esibonakalayo senhlabathi yamanzi, ivikele ukukhululwa kwe-phosphorus endaweni yamanzi, ikakhulukazi, kunganika amandla i-phosphorus element, ngakho-ke, kungakwazi ukunika amandla i-phosphorus emanzini, ngakho-ke ukuthi i-algae ayikwazi ukusebenzisa ukukhula futhi Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ngempumelelo ukuxazulula i-eutrophicat okudalwe yi-phosphorus emizimbeni ehlukene yamanzi efana namachibi, amachibi kanye nemifula.
Ubumsulwa obuphezuluLanthanum oxideingasetshenziswa futhi ukukhiqiza ama-lens okunemba kanye namabhodi aphezulu we-fiber abonayo. ILanthanum nayo ingahle isetshenziselwe ukwenza idivaysi yombono wobusuku, ukuze amasosha aqede imisebenzi yokulwa ebusuku njengoba enza ngesikhathi sasemini. ILanthanum oxide nayo ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza i-capacitor ye-ceramic, ama-pezoelectric ceramics kanye nezinto zokwakha ze-x-ray.
Lapho uhlola amanye ama-fossil foellil, abantu bagxile kumandla ahlanzekile e-Energy hydrogen, kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-hydrogen ziyisihluthulelo sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-hydrogen. Ngenxa yemvelo evuthayo neqhumayo ye-hydrogen, amasilinda wesitoreji se-hydrogen angavela ngokukhethekile. Ngokuhlola okuqhubekayo, abantu bathola ukuthi uLanthanum-Nickel Alloy, impahla ye-metal hydrogen yokugcina, inekhono elinamandla lokuthwebula i-hydrogen. Kungathwebula ama-molecule e-hydrogen futhi kubolile ama-athomu e-hydrogen, bese ugcina ama-athomu e-hydrogen e-Metal Lattice Gap ukwakha i-metal hydride. Lapho lezi zinsimbi ze-hydrides zifudumala, zizovunyelwa futhi zidedele i-hydrogen, ezilingana nesitsha sokugcina i-hydrogen, ukuze ivolumu nesisindo zincane kunalezo ze-hylinders ensimbi, ngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto ze-anode hydrides ze-nickel-metal hydricles zebhethri nezimoto zikagesi ezi-hybrid.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-01-2023