Ukusetshenziswa kweumhlaba ongavamilee-casting aluminium ingxubevange yenziwa ngaphambili phesheya.Nakuba iChina yaqala ucwaningo nokusebenzisa lesi sici ngeminyaka yawo-1960 kuphela, ithuthuke ngokushesha.Mningi umsebenzi osuwenziwe kusukela ocwaningweni lwemishini kuya ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, futhi kukhona okuzuziwe. Ngokwengezwa kwezakhi zomhlaba eziyivelakancane, izakhiwo zemishini, izakhiwo zokuphonsa kanye nezakhiwo zikagesi ze-aluminium alloys ziye zathuthukiswa kakhulu. izinto ezintsha, izinto ezibonakalayo ezicebile, izinto zikagesi kanye nezikazibuthe zezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni izinto ezingavamile kazibuthe zomhlaba, izinto ezingavamile ezikhipha ukukhanya komhlaba, izinto ezingavamile zokugcina i-hydrogen, njll.
◆ ◆ Indlela yokusebenza yomhlaba ongavamile ku-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy ◆ ◆
Umhlaba ongavamile unomsebenzi wamakhemikhali aphezulu, amandla aphansi kanye nokuhlelwa kongqimba lwe-electron ekhethekile, futhi ungasebenzisana cishe nazo zonke izakhi.Imihlaba engavamile evame ukusetshenziswa ku-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys ihlanganisa i-La (i-lanthanum), Ce (i-cerium), Y (i-yttrium) kanye noSc (scandium).Zivame ukufakwa kuketshezi lwe-aluminium ngama-modifiers, ama-nucleating agents kanye nama-degassing agents, angahlanza ukuncibilika, athuthukise isakhiwo, acwenge okusanhlamvu, njll.
01Ukuhlanzwa komhlaba ongavamile
Njengoba inani elikhulu legesi ne-oxide inclusions (ikakhulukazi i-hydrogen, i-oxygen ne-nitrogen) lizolethwa ngesikhathi sokuncibilika nokusakazwa kwe-aluminium alloy, amaphinifa, imifantu, ama-inclusions nokunye ukukhubazeka kuzokwenzeka ekubunjweni (bheka Umfanekiso 1a), ukunciphisa amandla e-aluminium alloy.Umphumela wokuhlanzwa komhlaba ongavamile ubonakala ngokuyinhloko ekunciphiseni okusobala kokuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen ku-aluminium encibilikisiwe, ukunciphisa izinga le-pinhole kanye ne-porosity (bheka Umfanekiso 1b), kanye nokunciphisa okufakiwe kanye nezakhi eziyingozi.Okuyinhloko isizathu siwukuthi umhlaba ongavamile unokuhlobana okukhulu ne-hydrogen, ekwazi ukumunca futhi incibilikise i-hydrogen ngobuningi futhi yakhe inhlanganisela ezinzile ngaphandle kokwenza amabhamuza, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ngokuphawulekayo okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen nokuqina kwe-aluminium; ikakhulukazi isuswe ngendlela ye-slag enqubweni yokuncibilikisa, ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuhlanza uketshezi lwe-aluminium.
Ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi umhlaba ongavamile unomphumela wokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen, umoya-mpilo nesibabule ku-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys.Ukwengeza u-0.1%~0.3% RE oketshezini lwe-aluminium kuyasiza ukususa kangcono ukungcola okuyingozi, ukucwenga ukungcola noma ukushintsha ukumila kwazo, ukuze kucwengwe futhi kusatshalaliswe okusanhlamvu ngokulinganayo; I-RES, i-REAs, ne-REPb, ebonakala ngephuzu eliphezulu lokuncibilika, ukuminyana okuphansi, kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile, futhi ingantanta ukuze yenze i-slag futhi isuswe, ngaleyo ndlela ihlanze uketshezi lwe-aluminium; okusanhlamvu.
I-Fig. 1 SEM Morphology ye-7075 Alloy ngaphandle kwe-RE kanye ne-w (RE)=0.3%
a.I-RE ayifakiwe;b.Engeza w (RE)=0.3%
02I-Metamorphism yomhlaba ongavamile
Ukuguqulwa komhlaba okungavamile kubonakala ikakhulukazi ekucwengisiseni okusanhlamvu nama-dendrites, kuvimbela ukubukeka kwesigaba se-lamellar T2 esimahhadla, kuqedwe isigaba esikhulu esisatshalaliswa esigabeni sekristalu esiyinhloko nokwenza isigaba esiyindilinga, ukuze imicu kanye neziqephu ezihlanganisiwe emngceleni wokusanhlamvu zincishiswe kakhulu. (bheka Umfanekiso 2).Ngokujwayelekile, irediyasi ye-athomu yomhlaba engavamile inkulu kunaleyo ye-athomu ye-aluminium, futhi izici zayo ziyasebenza ngokuqhathaniswa.Ukuncibilika oketshezini lwe-aluminium kulula kakhulu ukugcwalisa amaphutha angaphezulu kwesigaba se-alloy, okunciphisa ukungezwani okungaphezulu kusixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwezigaba ezintsha nezindala, futhi kuthuthukisa izinga lokukhula kwe-crystal nucleus;Ngasikhathi sinye, kungakha futhi indawo ifilimu esebenzayo phakathi kwezinhlamvu kanye noketshezi oluncibilikisiwe ukuvimbela ukukhula kwezinhlamvu ezikhiqiziwe futhi kucwengisiswe isakhiwo se-alloy (bheka Umfanekiso 2b).
Fig. 2 Microstructure of Alloys With Different RE Addition
a.Isilinganiso se-RE ngu-0;b.Ukwengezwa kwe-RE kungu-0.3%;c.Ukwengezwa kwe-RE kungu-0.7%
Ngemva kokwengeza izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamileαIzinhlamvu zesigaba sika-(Al) zaqala ukuba zincane, ezibambe iqhaza ekucwengeni okusanhlamvuα(Al) ukuguqulwa kwaba yirose elincane noma umumo wenduku, lapho okuqukethwe komhlaba ongavamile kungu-0.3%αUsayizi wokusanhlamvu we (Al) ) isigaba sincane kakhulu, futhi siyakhula kancane kancane ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kokuqukethwe komhlaba okungavamile.Ukuhlola kufakazele ukuthi kunenkathi ethile yokufukamela ye-metamorphism yomhlaba engavamile, futhi kuphela lapho igcinwe ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu isikhathi esithile; umhlaba ongavamile uzodlala indima enkulu ku-metamorphism.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani le-crystal nuclei yezinhlanganisela ezakhiwe yi-aluminium nomhlaba ongavamile landa kakhulu lapho insimbi icwebezela, okwenza futhi isakhiwo se-alloy sicwengisiswe.Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi umhlaba ongavamile unokuhle. umphumela wokuguqulwa ku-aluminium alloy.
03 Umphumela we-Microalloying womhlaba ongavamile
Umhlaba ongavamile utholakala ikakhulukazi kuma-alloys e-aluminium ne-aluminium ngezindlela ezintathu: isixazululo esiqinile ku-matrixα(Al); Ukuhlukaniswa emngceleni wesigaba, umngcele wokusanhlamvu kanye nomngcele we-dendrite;Isixazululo esiqinile ngaphakathi noma ngesimo senhlanganisela.Imiphumela yokuqiniswa komhlaba ongavamile ama-alloys e-aluminium ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa ukuqinisa ukucolisiswa okusanhlamvu, ukuqiniswa kwesixazululo esinomkhawulo kanye nokuqiniswa kwesigaba sesibili kwezinhlanganisela zomhlaba ezingavamile.
Uhlobo lobukhona bomhlaba ongavamile ku-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy luhlobene eduze nenani lokwengeza.Ngokuvamile, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-RE kungaphansi kuka-0.1%, indima ye-RE ngokuyinhloko iwukuqinisa okusanhlamvu okuhle kanye nokuqinisa isisombululo esinomkhawulo;Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-RE kungu-0.25%~0.30%, i-RE kanye ne-Al zakha inqwaba yezinduku eziyindilinga noma ezimfushane njengezinhlanganisela ze-intermetallic. , ezisatshalaliswa emngceleni wokusanhlamvu noma okusanhlamvu, kanye nenani elikhulu lokuhlukaniswa, izakhiwo ezinhle ze-spheroidized okusanhlamvu kanye nezinhlanganisela zomhlaba ezingavamile ezihlakazekile zivela, ezizokhiqiza imiphumela encane ye-alloying efana nokuqiniswa kwesigaba sesibili.
◆ ◆ Umphumela womhlaba ongavamile ezindaweni ze-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy ◆◆
01 Umthelela womhlaba ongavamile ezimpahleni ezibanzi zemishini ze-alloy
Amandla, ukuqina, ukunwebeka, ukuqina kokuphuka, ukumelana nokugqokwa nezinye izici ezibanzi zomshini wengxubevange zingathuthukiswa ngokwengeza inani elifanele lomhlaba ongavamile.0.3% RE yengezwe ku-aluminium ZL10 series alloyσbukusuka ku-205.9 MPa ukuya ku-274 MPa, kanye ne-HB ukusuka ku-80 kuye ku-108;Yengeza u-0.42% Sc kuya ku-7005 ingxubevangebinyuke isuka ku-314MPa yaya ku-414MPa, σ0.2inyuke isuka ku-282MPa yaya ku-378MPa, ipulasitiki inyuke isuka ku-6.8% yaya ku-10.1%, futhi ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwathuthukiswa kakhulu; I-La kanye ne-Ce ingathuthukisa kakhulu i-superplasticity ye-alloy.Ukwengeza u-0.14%~0.64% La kuya ku-Al-6Mg-0.5Mn ingxubevange kwandisa i-superplasticity isuka ku-430% iye ku-800%~1000%;Ucwaningo oluhlelekile lwe-Al Si alloy lubonisa ukuthi amandla okukhiqiza namandla okugcina e-alloy angaba kakhulu. ngcono ngokwengeza inani elifanele le-Sc.Fig.3 ikhombisa ukubukeka kwe-SEM kokuphuka okuqinile kwe-Al-Si7-Mg0.8ingxubevange, okubonisa ukuthi kuwukuqhekeka okuvamile kwe-brittle cleavage ngaphandle kwe-RE, kuyilapho ngemva kokwengezwa kwe-0.3% RE, ukwakheka okusobala kwe-dimple kubonakala ekuqhekekeni, okubonisa ukuthi kunokuqina okuhle kanye ne-ductility.
Umdwebo 3 I-Tensile Fracture Morphology
a.Ayijoyinanga i-RE;b.Engeza u-0.3% RE
02Umthelela Womhlaba Ongavamile Ezimpahleni Zokushisa Eziphakeme Zezinhlayiya
Ukwengeza inani elithileumhlaba ongavamileku-aluminium ingxubevange kungathuthukisa ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-oxidation ukumelana kwe-aluminium alloy.Ukwengeza u-1% ~ 1.5% umhlaba oxubekile ongavamile ku-cast Al Si eutectic alloy kwandisa amandla okushisa aphezulu ngo-33%, amandla okushisa aphezulu okuqhekeka (300 ℃, Amahora angu-1000) ngo-44%, futhi ukumelana nokugqokwa nokuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kuthuthukiswa kakhulu;Ukwengeza i-La, Ce, Y kanye ne-mischmetal ukuze kusakazwe ama-alloys e-Al Cu kungathuthukisa izici zezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lama-alloys;I-Al-8.4% eqiniswa ngokushesha I-Fe-3.4% Ce alloy ingasebenza isikhathi eside ngaphansi kuka-400 ℃, ithuthukise kakhulu izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lengxubevange ye-aluminium; i-Sc yengezwa kungxubevange ye-Al Mg Si ukuze kwakhe i-Al.3Izinhlayiya ze-Sc okungelula ukuziqinisa ekushiseni okuphezulu futhi zihlangane ne-matrix ukuze uphine umngcele wokusanhlamvu, ukuze ingxubevange igcine isakhiwo esingashintshiwe ngesikhathi sokudonsa, futhi ithuthukise kakhulu izici zokushisa eziphezulu ze-alloy.
03 Umthelela Womhlaba Ongavamile ku-Optical Properties of Alloys
Ukwengeza umhlaba ongavamile kwingxubevange ye-aluminium kungashintsha ukwakheka kwefilimu ye-oxide engaphezulu, kwenze ubuso bukhanye futhi bube buhle.Lapho u-0.12%~0.25% RE wengezwa kungxubevange ye-aluminium, ukubonakaliswa kwephrofayili ye-6063 ene-oxidized nenemibala kuya phezulu. 92%;Lapho u-0.1%~0.3% RE engezwa ku-Al Mg cast aluminium alloy, ingxubevange ingathola indawo engcono kakhulu yokuqeda kanye nokuqina kwegloss.
04 Umthelela Womhlaba Ongavamile Ezimpahleni Zogesi Zengxubevange
Ukwengeza i-RE ku-aluminium yokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kuyingozi ku-conductivity ye-alloy, kodwa i-conductivity ingathuthukiswa ngezinga elithile ngokungeza i-RE efanele ku-aluminium ehlanzekile yezimboni kanye ne-Al Mg Si conductive alloys.Imiphumela yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi ukuqhutshwa kwe-aluminium. ingathuthukiswa ngo-2%~3% ngokungeza u-0.2% RE.Ukwengeza inani elincane lomhlaba ongavamile ocebile we-yttrium ku-Al Zr alloy kungathuthukisa ukuqhutshwa kwe-alloy, eye yamukelwa amafekthri amaningi ezintambo zasekhaya;Engeza ukulandelela umhlaba ongavamile ku-aluminium ehlanzekile kakhulu ukwenza i-Al RE foil capacitor.Uma isetshenziswe emikhiqizweni engu-25kV, inkomba ye-capacitance iphindwe kabili, umthamo weyunithi ngayinye ukhuphuka izikhathi ezingu-5, isisindo sincishiswa ngo-47%, futhi umthamo we-capacitor uyancipha kakhulu.
05Umthelela We-Rare Earth on Corrosion Resistance of Alloy
Kwezinye izindawo zesevisi, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona ama-ion e-chloride, ama-alloys asengozini yokugqwala, ukugqwala kwe-crevice, ukugqwala kwengcindezi kanye nokukhathala kokugqwala.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala kwama-alloys e-aluminium, kuye kwenziwa izifundo eziningi.Kutholakala ukuthi ukwengeza inani elifanele lomhlaba oyivelakancane kuma-alloys e-aluminium kungathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwawo. Amasampula enziwe ngokwengeza amanani ahlukene omhlaba ongavamile oxubile (0.1%~0.5%) ku-aluminium acwiliswe emanzini anosawoti kanye namanzi olwandle okufakelwa izikhathi ezintathu zilandelana. iminyaka.Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukwengeza umhlaba omncane ongavamile ku-aluminium kungathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-aluminiyamu, futhi ukumelana nokugqwala emanzini anosawoti namanzi olwandle okwenziwa okwenziwa kungama-24% no-32% ngaphezu kwalawo e-aluminium, ngokulandelana; Ukusebenzisa indlela yomhwamuko wamakhemikhali nokwengeza. umhlaba ongavamile we-multi-component penetrant (La, Ce, njll.), ungqimba lwefilimu yokuguqula umhlaba engavamile lungakhiwa ebusweni be-alloy engu-2024, okwenza amandla e-electrode angaphezulu e-aluminium alloy afane, futhi athuthukise ukumelana ukugqwala kwe-intergranular kanye nokugqwala kwengcindezi; Ukwengeza i-La ku-Mg ephezulu ye-aluminium alloy kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhono le-anti corrosion yasolwandle; Ukwengeza u-1.5% ~ 2.5% Nd kuma-alloys e-aluminium kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukucinana komoya kanye nokungagqwala kwe-corrosion. ama-alloys, asetshenziswa kabanzi njengezinto ze-aerospace.
◆ ◆ Ukulungiselela ubuchwepheshe bomhlaba ongavamile we-aluminium alloy ◆ ◆
Umhlaba ongavamile wengezwa kakhulu ngesimo sezakhi zokulandelela kuma-alloys e-aluminium namanye ama-alloys.Umhlaba ongavamile unomsebenzi wamakhemikhali aphezulu, indawo ephezulu yokuncibilika, futhi kulula ukufakwa i-oxidized futhi ushiswe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Lokhu kuye kwabangela ubunzima obuthile ekulungiseleleni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezingxubevange ze-aluminium zomhlaba ezingavamile.Ocwaningweni lokuhlola lwesikhathi eside, abantu bayaqhubeka nokuhlola izindlela zokulungiselela ama-alloys e-aluminium yomhlaba angavamile.Okwamanje, izindlela zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko zokulungiselela ama-alloys e-aluminium angavamile emhlabeni. indlela yokuxuba, indlela ye-electrolysis kasawoti encibilikisiwe kanye nendlela yokunciphisa i-aluminothermic.
01 Indlela yokuhlanganisa
Indlela yokuncibilika exutshiwe iwukwengeza umhlaba ongavamile noma insimbi exubene yomhlaba eyivelakancane oketshezini olusezingeni eliphezulu lwe-aluminium ngokwesilinganiso ukwenza i-master alloy noma i-application alloy, bese uncibilikisa i-alloy eyinhloko ne-aluminium esele ngokuvumelana nesabelo esibaliwe ndawonye, xukuza futhi ucwenge. .
02 I-Electrolysis
Indlela ye-electrolysis kasawoti encibilikisiwe iwukwengeza i-oxide yomhlaba engavamile noma usawoti womhlaba ongavamile engqamuzaneni ye-aluminium yemboni ye-electrolytic kanye ne-electrolyze nge-aluminium oxide ukuze kukhiqizwe ingxubevange ye-aluminium yomhlaba.Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili, okungukuthi, indlela ye-cathode ewuketshezi kanye nendlela ye-electrolytic eutectoid.Njengamanje, sekuthuthukiswe ukuthi izinhlanganisela zomhlaba ezingavamile zingangezwa ngokuqondile kumaseli e-aluminium electrolytic yezimboni, futhi ama-alloys e-aluminium angavamile emhlabeni angakhiqizwa nge-electrolysis of chloride melts ngendlela ye-eutectoid.
03 Indlela yokunciphisa i-Aluminothermic
Ngenxa yokuthi i-aluminium inekhono elinamandla lokunciphisa, futhi i-aluminium ingakha izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanganisela ze-intermetallic nomhlaba ongavamile, i-aluminium ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa ukulungisa ama-alloys e-aluminium yomhlaba angavamile.Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuyinhloko kuboniswa kufomula elandelayo:
RE2O3+ 6Al→2Okwangempela2+ Al2O3
Phakathi kwazo, i-earth oxide engavamile noma i-slag ecebile yomhlaba engavamile ingasetshenziswa njengezinto ezingandile zomhlaba;I-ejenti yokunciphisa ingaba i-aluminium ehlanzekile yezimboni noma i-silicon aluminium; Izinga lokushisa lokunciphisa lingu-1400 ℃ ~ 1600 ℃.Esigabeni sokuqala, saphathwa ukuphuma ngaphansi kwesimo sokuba khona kwe-ejenti yokushisisa nokuguquguquka, kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokunciphisa kungadala izinkinga eziningi;Eminyakeni yamuva nje, abacwaningi baye basungula indlela entsha yokunciphisa i-aluminothermic.Ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi (780 ℃), ukusabela kokunciphisa i-aluminothermic kuqedwa ohlelweni lwe-sodium fluoride ne-sodium chloride, egwema izinkinga ezibangelwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu langempela.
◆ ◆ Inqubekelaphambili yohlelo lokusebenza lwengxubevange ye-aluminium engavamile ◆ ◆
01 Ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminiyamu yomhlaba engavamile embonini yamandla
Ngenxa yezinzuzo ze-conductivity enhle, umthamo omkhulu wamanje wokuthwala, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa, ukucubungula kalula nempilo ende yesevisi, ingxubevange ye-aluminium yomhlaba engavamile ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izintambo, imigqa yokudlulisa phezulu, izintambo zocingo, izintambo zama-slide nezintambo ezincane izinjongo ezikhethekile.Ukwengeza inani elincane le-RE ohlelweni lwe-Al Si alloy kungathuthukisa ukuqhutshwa kwe-conductivity, okungukuthi i-silicon e-aluminium alloy iyinto engcolile enokuqukethwe okuphezulu, okunomthelela omkhulu ezindaweni zikagesi.Ukwengeza inani elifanele lomhlaba oyivelakancane kungathuthukisa i-morphology ekhona kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-silicon ku-alloy, okungathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo izici zikagesi ze-aluminium; Ukwengeza inani elincane le-yttrium noma i-yttrium ecebile exubile yomhlaba engavamile ocingweni lwe-aluminium evikela ukushisa. ayikwazi ukugcina ukusebenza okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kuphela kodwa futhi ithuthukise ukuqhutshwa kwe-conductivity; Umhlaba ongavamile ungathuthukisa amandla aqinile, ukumelana nokushisa nokumelana nokugqwala kwesistimu ye-aluminium alloy.Amakhebuli namakhondakta enziwe nge-aluminiyamu yomhlaba engavamile angakhuphula ubude bombhoshongo wekhebula futhi andise impilo yesevisi yezintambo.
02Ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminiyamu yomhlaba engavamile embonini yezokwakha
I-6063 aluminium alloy isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezokwakha.Ukwengeza umhlaba ongavamile ongu-0.15%~0.25% kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukwakheka okulingiwe kanye nesakhiwo sokucubungula, futhi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-extrusion, umphumela wokwelapha ukushisa, izakhiwo zemishini, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza kokwelashwa okungaphezulu kanye nethoni yombala.Kutholakala ukuthi umhlaba ongavamile isatshalaliswa kakhulu ku-6063 aluminium alloyα-Al yenza umngcele wesigaba, umngcele wokusanhlamvu kanye ne-interdendritic, futhi zihlakazwe zibe izinhlanganisela noma zibe khona ngendlela yezinhlanganisela zokucwenga ukwakheka kwe-dendrite nokusanhlamvu, ukuze ubukhulu be-eutectic engancibilikisiwe kanye nosayizi. ye-dimple endaweni ye-dimple iba yincane kakhulu, ukusatshalaliswa kufana, futhi ukuminyana kuyanda, ukuze izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene ze-alloy zithuthukiswe ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.Isibonelo, amandla ephrofayili akhuphuka ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-20, ubude bukhuphuka ngo-50%, futhi izinga lokugqwala lehla ngokuphindwe kabili, Ukuqina kwefilimu ye-oxide kukhuphuka ngo-5% ~ 8%, futhi isakhiwo sombala sikhuphuka cishe ngo-3%.Ngakho-ke, amaphrofayili wokwakha i-alloy RE-6063 asetshenziswa kabanzi.
03Ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminiyamu yomhlaba engavamile emikhiqizweni yansuku zonke
Ukwengeza umkhondo womhlaba ongavamile ku-aluminiyamu ehlanzekile kanye ne-Al Mg yochungechunge lwe-aluminium alloys ukuze isetshenziswe nsuku zonke imikhiqizo ye-aluminium kungathuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini, indawo ejulile yokudweba kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Izisekelo zefenisha ye-aluminium, amabhayisikili e-aluminium, nezingxenye zikagesi zasendlini ezenziwe nge-Al Mg RE ingxubevange zinokuphikiswa kokugqwala okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili, ukunciphisa isisindo ngo-10% ~ 15%, ukukhuphuka kwesivuno ngo-10% ~ 20%, ukwehla kwezindleko zokukhiqiza ngo-10% ~ 15%, kanye nokusebenza kangcono kokudweba okujulile nokusebenza okujulile uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo ye-aluminium alloy engenawo umhlaba ongavamile.Okwamanje, izidingo zansuku zonke ze-aluminiyamu yomhlaba ezingavamile zisetshenziswe kabanzi, futhi imikhiqizo iye yanda kakhulu, futhi idayiswa kahle ezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle. .
04 Ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminiyamu yomhlaba engavamile kwezinye izici
Ukwengeza izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zomhlaba ongavamile ochungechungeni olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-Al Si ingxubevange yokusakaza kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza komshini wengxubevange.Imikhiqizo eminingi iye yasetshenziswa ezindizeni, emikhunjini, ezimotweni, ezinjinini zikadizili, ezithuthuthwini nasezimotweni zezikhali (i-piston, i-gearbox, isilinda, izinsimbi nezinye izingxenye). nokwandisa ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo ze-aluminium alloys.Inokuqinisa ukuhlakazeka okuqinile, ukuqinisa ukuqinisa okusanhlamvu, ukuqinisa isixazululo kanye nemiphumela yokuqinisa i-microalloy ku-aluminium, futhi ingathuthukisa amandla, ubulukhuni, ipulasitiki, ukuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa, njll. izimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezifana ne-aerospace, imikhumbi, izitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu, izimoto ezilula, njll.C557Al Mg Zr Sc series scandium aluminium alloy ethuthukiswe yi-NASA inamandla aphezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi futhi isetshenziswe ku-fuselage yendiza kanye nendiza. izingxenye zesakhiwo;Ingxubevange engu-0146Al Cu Li Sc eyakhiwe yiRussia isetshenziswe ethangini likaphethiloli elikhalayo lemikhumbi-mkhathi.
Kusuka kuMqulu 33, Ukukhishwa 1 Komhlaba Ongavamile ngo-Wang Hui, u-Yang An no-Yun Qi
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-05-2023