I-sulfate yesilivere, ifomula yemichizaAg2SO4, yinkomponi enezicelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.Yinto eqinileyo emhlophe, engenavumba nenganyibilikiyo emanzini.Noko ke, niniisulfate yesilivereidibana namanzi, ezinye iimpendulo ezinomdla zenzeka.Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga ukuba kwenzeka ntoni naisulfate yesilivereemanzini.
Niniisulfate yesilivereyongezwa emanzini, ayinyibiliki lula.Ngenxa ye-solubility ephantsi, kuphela inxalenye encinci ye-compound iyahlukana kwi-ion yecandelo layo - isilivere (Ag +) kunye ne-sulfate (SO4 ^ 2-).Ukupheliswa okulinganiselweyo kweisulfate yesiliverekubangela isisombululo esicacileyo, esingenambala njengoko amasuntswana anganyibilikiyo ahlala ezantsi kwesikhongozeli.
Nangona kunjalo, i-insolubility yeisulfate yesilivereinokoyiswa ngokusebenzisa amandla awongezelelweyo angaphandle.Umzekelo, ukunyibilika kweisulfate yesilivereinokuphuculwa ukuba ubushushu bamanzi bunyukile okanye i-asidi eyomeleleyo (njenge-asidi ye-sulfuric) yongezwa kwinkqubo.Kule meko, isilivere eninzi kunye ne-sulfate ion zenziwe kwaye isisombululo siba ngakumbi.Oku kunyibilika kwanda kuvumela intsebenziswano engcono phakathiisulfate yesiliverekunye namanzi.
Umba onomdla wonxibelelwano phakathiisulfate yesiliverekwaye amanzi kukwenziwa kweeyoni ezintsonkothileyo.I-ion eyinkimbinkimbi iqukethe i-ion yensimbi ephakathi ejikelezwe ngama-ligands (i-athomu, i-ion okanye i-athomu ezibophelelwe kwisinyithi).Kwimeko ye-sulfate yesilivere, ii-ion eziyinkimbinkimbi zenziwa xa iimolekyuli zamanzi zithatha indawo ye-ion ye-sulfate ebotshelelwe kwisilivere, yenze i-complex yamanzi njenge-Ag (H2O) n+.Ezi zixhobo zinokunyibilika okulinganiselweyo emanzini, ngaloo ndlela zandisa ukunyibilika ngokubanzi kweisulfate yesilivere.
Ukuphinda kusebenze kweisulfate yesilivereemanzini ayiphelelanga kwindlela yokuziphatha kwayo yokutshatyalaliswa.Ikwafumana iimpendulo ezinomdla ze-redox.Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-zinc yensimbi yongezwa kwisisombululo esiquletheisulfate yesilivere, ukusabela kokufuduswa kwenzeka.I-athomu ye-zinc isabela nge-ion ye-sulfate, isusa ii-ion zesilivere kwikhompawundi kwaye zenze i-zinc sulfate.Le mpendulo ibangela ukuba isilivere yesinyithi ifakwe kwi-zinc surface, ivelise utshintsho olubonakalayo lombala.
Ekugqibeleni, nangona kunjaloisulfate yesiliverengokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengento enganyibilikiyo emanzini, ukuziphatha kwayo kwizisombululo ezinamanzi kunzima kakhulu kunokuba bekucingelwa ekuqaleni.Ukongeza izinto zangaphandle, ezifana nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa okanye ubukho beekhemikhali ezithile, kunokunyusa ukunyibilika kwayo kwaye kukhokelela ekubunjweni kwee-ion eziyinkimbinkimbi.Ngaphezu koko,isulfate yesilivereibonisa i-reactivity ngendlela ye-redox reactions kunye nezinye izinto, njengoko kungqinwa yi-reactions displacement nge-metallic zinc.Ngokubanzi, ukuqonda ukuziphatha kweisilivere yesulfate in amanzi abaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo kwiinkalo ezifana nekhemistri, ishishini, kunye nesayensi yokusingqongileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-10-2023