I-CEO2yinto ebalulekileyo kwizixhobo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo. IInqaku lomhlaba elinqabileyo i-ceriumUnobume obukhethekileyo we-elektroniki-4F15D16s2. I-4F yayo ye-4F inokuthi igcine kwaye ikhuphe ii-elektroni, zenza i-cerium ziziphatha kwi-3 i-3 valence State kunye ne-4 valence. Ke ngoko, izixhobo ze-CEO22 zinemingxunya engaphezulu, kwaye zikwazi ukugcina nokukhulula ioksijini. Ukuguqulwa kwe-CE (III) no-CE (iv) nokugcina izixhobo ze-CEO2 ze-Oxidation Onfidation Ukuncitshiswa kwe-Oxidation. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezininzi ze-Bulk, i-Nano Ceo2, njengohlobo olutsha lwezinto ezingenantlonelo, ifumene inkolelo enkulu ye-oxygen, i-oxygen ion, kunye ne-Resox Praing ye-Oxejinigen ye-Oxejinigen. Okwangoku kukho inani elikhulu leengxelo zophando kunye nezicelo ezinxulumene nokusebenzisa i-Nano Ceo2 njengeeCataests, i-catalyststs ezikhutshelweyo okanye ezongeziweyo, izinto ezisebenzayo, kunye ne-adfenbonts.
1. Indlela yokulungiselela i-nanometeri-cerium oxide
Okwangoku, iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulungiselela i-NAAO CANYI ikakhulu zibandakanya indlela yekhemikhali kunye nendlela yomzimba. Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zekhemikhali, iindlela zekhemikhali zinokwahlulwa zibe yindlela ye-hydrothelmal, indlela ye-solvothermal, indlela ye-Solvothermal, indlela ye-Solvothel, indlela ye-SOL Gel, indlela ye-microelolsion kunye nendlela yokufakelwa kweendlela; Indlela yokwaluphala ikakhulu yindlela yokugaya.
1.1 Indlela yokuGcina
Indlela yokuGcina ukulungiselela i-Nano CAYIACE ngokubanzi isebenzisa isigaba sesanti, esinezibonelelo zexabiso eliphantsi, ubuhlobo bokusingqongileyo, isantya esikhawulezayo, kunye nobuchule obuqinileyo bokulungisa. Okwangoku yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokulungisa kumzi-mveliso we-NAAY. Umzekelo, ukulungiswa kwe-nano cerium ye-cidecle i-powder i-Popley i-collecle i-collecleng kunye nesanti yesanti, kunye nezixhobo ezingumbala we-cerium denitorests zixubana nonyango okanye zityhutyha emva kokubanjwa kwesanti. Ngokusebenzisa i-partical ye-parting yesanti, i-Nano Curiting Bead, Nano Caria nge-D50 ukusukela kumashumi ukuya kumakhulu ee-nanometers ezinokufunyanwa ngokuhlengahlengiswa.
1.2 Indlela yokuPhakamisa
Indlela yokungahambi kakuhle ibhekisa kwindlela yokulungiselela umgubo oqinileyo ngokubumba, ukwahlukana, ukuhlamba, ukumiswa, kunye nokuhlawuliswa kwezixhobo ezinqabileyo ezichithwe kwiinyikima ezifanelekileyo. Eyona ndlela isetyenzisiweyo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumalungiselelo omhlaba onqabileyo kwaye i-nanomastomas, ngenzuzo efana nenkqubo elula yokulungiselela, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko eziphezulu. Yindlela eqhelekileyo esetyenzisiweyo yokulungiselela i-Nano ye-NAO kunye nezixhobo zayo ezihlanganisiweyo kumzi mveliso. Le ndlela inokulungiselela i-nano ye-nano yi-morphology eyahlukileyo kunye nobukhulu becala ngokutshintsha ubushushu be-cirium ye-irea kwi-iremoration esuka kwi-iremores eveliswe yi-cimores, kunye ne-NAYE ye-NAYE elawulwa zii-ions. Ngenye indlela, i-ion ye-cerium inokuthi ichazwe ngu-Oh-uveliswe kwi-hydrolysis ye-sodium ye-sodium, kwaye emva koko ifakwe kwaye ingabalwa ukulungiselela i-flake njenge-cickeres.
1.3 Iindlela ze-hydrothermal kunye ne-solvothermalmal
Ezi ndlela zimbini zibhekisa kwindlela yokulungiselela iimveliso ngeqondo lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuphendula okuphezulu kubushushu obukhulu kwinkqubo evaliweyo. Xa i-SOSTent SWANGCINTE ngamanzi, ibizwa ngokuba yindlela ye-hydrothelmal. Ngokulungelelaniswa, xa isinyibilikisi sokuphendula sisisele esihleliweyo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-Solvothel. Amasuntswana eNano anococeko anococeko oluphezulu, ukusasazeka okulungileyo kunye namasuntswana afanayo, ngakumbi i-nano powders eneemoto ezahlukeneyo okanye ubuso obukhethekileyo obukhethekileyo. Inyibilikisi i-cerium chloride kwimikhono eshiyekileyo, ishukumisa kwaye yongeza isisombululo sesodium hydroxide. I-Hydrothermal nge-170 ℃ iiyure ezili-12 ukulungiselela i-cerium cides nanorods evele (111) kunye (110) iinqwelomoya. Ngokuhlengahlengiswa kweemeko zokuphendula, umlinganiso weenqwelomoya (110) crystal kwi-crystal ye-crystal ingenwe, ekwandiseni umsebenzi wabo obaluleke kakhulu. Ukulungelelanisa i-Solventing Sholvent kunye ne-ligands engaphezulu kunye ne-ligand ingavelisa na amasuntswana e-nano enee-hydrophicicity ezikhethekileyo okanye i-lipophilicity. Umzekelo, ukongeza i-ions kwisigaba se-aceus ukuya kulungiselela i-monodisperse Hydrophilic Cerium Anium e-Anoxicles emanzini. Ngokukhetha i-sorvent ye-polar kunye nokwazisa i-oleic acid njenge-ligand ngexesha lokuphendula, i-Monodisperse Lipophilic Curaphilic Curaphicles inokulungiswa kwiinyibiliki ezingezizo eziphilayo. (Jonga umfanekiso 1)
Umzobo 1 Monodisperse Spherical Nano Caria kunye neRod-Maled Nano Curia
1.4 Indlela ye-wol gell
Indlela ye-Sol Gel yindlela esebenzisa amanye okanye amaqela ahlukeneyo, enza ukuba i-hydrolysis efana ne-hydrolysis kwindawo yokusebenza, kwaye emva koko ezomisa kwaye zilungiselele ukulungiselela iimpondo ze-ultrafine. Le ndlela ilungele ngokukhethekileyo ukulungiselela icandelo elihlukeneyo le-NAnomas, ezinjenge-circoum, i-tircoum ye-tirconium, i-tirconium ye-tirconium, i-cerium ye-tirconium kunye nezinye iingxelo ezininzi.
1.5 Ezinye iindlela
Ukongeza kwezi ndlela zilapha ngasentla, kukho indlela yelogo encinci, i-microwave ye-microwave yendlela, indlela ye-elektrovide, indlela ye-plasma idangatye, i-ion yotshintshiselwano ngohlobo lwe-Encralysis kunye nezinye iindlela ezininzi. Ezi ndlela zinokubaluleka okukhulu kuphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nano cwataria.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-2-Nanometer Cerium Oxide kunyango lwamanzi
I-Cerium yeyona nto ininzi phakathi kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, ngamaxabiso aphantsi kunye nezicelo ezibanzi. I-Nanometer Caria kunye nezihluzo zayo zitsalele ingqalelo enkulu kwicandelo lonyango lwamanzi ngenxa yendawo yabo ephezulu yomphezulu, umsebenzi ophezulu kunye nokuzinza okugqwesileyo.
2.1 Ukusetyenziswa kweI-nano cerium oxideKunyango lwamanzi ngokwendlela ye-adsorction
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuphuhliswa kwamashishini anjengoMzi-mveliso we-elektroniki, isixa esikhulu samanzi amdaka aneengcongconi ezifana nee-ions ezinzima kunye ne-ilutine ikhutshiwe. Nokuba ekulandeleni iingxaki, kunokubangela ingozi enkulu kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nendawo yokuphila kwabantu. Iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo zibandakanya i-oxidation, iflotation, i-osmosis ye-osmosis, i-adsorction, i-biosetion, itekhnoloji ye-adsorn, njl njl. I-Nano Ceo2 Izixhobo zinendawo ephezulu yendawo kunye nomsebenzi ophezulu ophezulu njengoko i-adsorbevents, kwaye kukho iingxelo ezininzi kwi-curphologus ye-cembo2 ye-cerphologus ene-issorb kwaye isuse ii-ions ezinobungozi emanzini.
Uphando lubonakalisile ukuba i-Nano Cubria inomthamo owomeleleyo we-F-emanzini phantsi kweemeko ezibuthathaka zeAcidic. Kwisisombululo kunye noxinzelelo lokuqala lwe-100mg / l kunye ne-PH = 5-6, umthamo we-ADFRECK / WE-23-G, kunye nenqanaba lokususa kwe-F-yi-85.6%. Emva kokuyifaka kwibhola ye-Polyacylic Acid (isixa semali: 0.25G / G), ubuchule bokususa of F-% xa unyanga ivolumu elingaphezulu kwe-100mg / l of F-acqueus isisombululo; Xa iqhuba izihlandlo ezili-120 umthamo, ngaphezulu kwe-90% ye-F-inokususwa. Xa isetyenziselwa ukuphosa i-phossote kunye ne-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-ICATE, UMBUZO WOKUGQIBELA WOKUFUMANEKA kwe-100mg / g phantsi kwemeko ye-addlova engqinisisiweyo. Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe emva kokufumana unyango olulula kunye nokungathathwathwa kwetyala, elinezibonelelo eziphezulu zoqoqosho.
Zininzi izifundo kwi-adsorction kunye nonyango lweentsimbi ezinamatyhefu ezinama-Arsenic, iChromium, ikhadmium, kwaye ikhokele kusetyenziswa i-nano ye-nano kunye nezixhobo zayo ezihlanganisiweyo. I-adsorption efanelekileyo ye-ph ihluka ii-ions ezinzima zentsimbi ezinamagama ahlukeneyo evuko. Umzekelo, imeko ebuthathaka ye-alkali ine-chaas engathathi hlangothi ineyona meko ilungileyo ye-adsorction ye (III), ngelixa imeko ye-acidi egqibeleleyo ye (v) ifikelela kwi-110mg / g phantsi kweemeko zombini. Ngokubanzi, i-synthesis efanelekileyo ye-nano ye-nano ye-nano kunye nezixhobo zayo ezizimeleyo zinokufumana i-adsorction ephezulu kunye neziinga zokususa ii-ion ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi ngaphezulu kwe-PH.
Kwelinye icala, i-cerium ye-cerium ye-ciesium oxide isebenza kakuhle kwimimandla enamanzi, efana ne-orenji ye-orenji, i-cid. I-942.7mg / g kwimizuzu engama-60.
2.2 Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nano ciaria kwiNkqubo ye-Oppance
Inkqubo ye-od Advation (ii-aps ze-APS ezimfutshane) icetyiwe ukuphucula inkqubo ekhoyo ye-adneyDrous. Inkqubo ye-od Advation, ekwabizwa ngokuba yitekhnoloji ye-oxidation enzulu, ibonakaliswa yimveliso ye-Hydroxyl radical (· oh), i-superoxic radical (· o ye-· o2 -), i-oxt. Ngaphantsi kweemeko zokuphendula kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo, umbane, isandi, i-Irradication yokukhanya, i-Ozone Oxidation, I-Ozone Axidation, Jonga umfanekiso 2).
Umzobo 2 ukwahlulahlulahlulahlulahlula itekisi yenkqubo ye-odvation
Nano cwariyaI-catarogenest ye-heterogeneous isetyenziswa kwinkqubo ye-ovation ephezulu. Ngenxa yokuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwe-CE3 + noCE4 + kunye nefuthe lokuncitshiswa kwe-OXYHGN LONDES kunye nokukhutshwa, i-Nano Cutaria inamandla amahle. Xa isetyenziswa njengomntu okhuthaza kakhulu, inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo amandla okuzinza kunye nozinzo. Xa u-Nano e-Nano kunye nezinto zayo ezihlanganisiweyo zisetyenziswa njenge-catalysves, iipropathi ezinkulu ziyahluka kakhulu kwi-morphology, ubungakanani be-sutagecle, kunye neenqwelomoya, kunye nezixhobo eziphambili ezichaphazela intsebenzo kunye nesicelo eziphambili. Kuyakholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba amancinci amasuntswana kunye nendawo enkulu kwindawo ethile, indawo ehambelana nayo ihambelanayo, kwaye yomelele ubuchule obukhulu. Ubuchule obuthandekayo bomphezulu wekristale, ukusuka kunamandla kuye kubuthathaka, kukwindawo (100) ye-crystal ters> (110) i-crystal fart>
I-Cerium Oxide yindawo ye-semiconductor. Xa i-Nanometer Cerium Oxiide ingena nzulu ngeefoto namandla ngaphezulu kwebhendi, i-Extance BANDROS inovuyo, kwaye iguqulelo lokungavunyelwa kwakhona kwenzeka. Le ndlela yokuziphatha iya kukhuthaza inqanaba lokuguqula le-CE3 + no-CE4 +, oko kukhokelela kwimisebenzi eqinileyo ye-nano cwat ye-nano cwata. Ifotocatalisis inokufezekisa ukonakaliswa ngokuthe ngqo umbandela wezinto eziphilayo ngaphandle kongcoliseko lwesibini, ke isicelo sayo sezona teknoloji zifundwayo kwicandelo le-nano ekwa-Aberia e-NAUPS. Okwangoku, eyona nto kugxilwe kuyo kukuphathwa gadalala kwe-azol ye-Azol, i-phenol, i-chlorobenzene, kunye namanzi amdaka amayeza esebenzisa i-cataines kunye neengoma ezahlukeneyo. Ngokwengxelo, phantsi kwendlela ye-catalyst ye-catalyst ye-catalyst kunye neemodeli zemodeli, ukuwohloka kwezi zinto kunokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-80%, kunye nomthamo wokususa kwi-carbon ye-organic (i-TOC) inokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-40%.
I-Nano Cerium Oxide I-Catatalysissississisis yokupheliswa kweengcongconi zendalo ezinje nge-ozone kunye ne-hydrogen peroxide yenye itekhnoloji efundileyo. Ifana nefoto, ikwagxininisa kubuchule be-NAno ye-Nano enee-morphologies ezahlukeneyo okanye iiplastikhi ze-crystal kunye ne-cetaium ye-futaium ye-cidalytical ye-cidalytic esulungekileyo yokufumana i-oxiving kunye nokungcolisa ukungcolisa izinto eziphilayo. Kwindlela enjalo, i-catalysts inokuthatha isigqibo senani elikhulu le-radicals esebenzayo ukusuka kwi-ozone okanye i-hydrogen peroxide, ehlasela i-poltbables engcolisekileyo kwaye ifezekise ubuchule bokuphelisa i-osodcalations. Ngenxa yokuqaliswa kwee-oxidants kwimeko yokuphendula, amandla okususa imiqathango ye-organic iphuculwe kakhulu. Kwizimvo ezininzi, izinga lokugqibela lokukhuphela izinto ezijolise kuyo zinokufikelela okanye ukuya kwi-100%, kwaye inqanaba lokususa i-TOC liphezulu.
Kwindlela ye-elektrocationtic ephezulu ye-ofisi ye-ofisi ye-anode enezinto eziphezulu ze-OXXGENTENILER PROOLLY PROPICATION OPROCATOLY KOLDRACATTOLTE yendlela yokuziphatha kwe-elektroniki eveliseni. Izinto ezibonakalayo zezinto ezibalulekileyo ezimisela ukuveliswa kwe-H2O2, kwaye ukuveliswa kwe-H2O2 kumisela ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwendlela ye-elektrocationtic evelileyo. Uphononongo lwendlela yokuguqulaniswa kwe-electrode kusetyenziswa i-nano cine ifumene uqwalaselo lwekhaya kunye nekhaya. Abaphandi ikakhulu bangenise i-nano cerium oxide kunye nezinto zayo ezihlanganisiweyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zekhemikhali zokuguqula izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-electrode, ziphucule umsebenzi wabo we-elektrochemical, kwaye emva koko kwanda imigangatho ye-elektroniki.
I-microwave kunye ne-ultrasound ihlala ibalulekile kumanyathelo ancedisayo kwezi modeli zekataltic ezingasentla. Ukuthatha uncedo lwe-ultrasonic njengomzekelo, kusetyenziswa amaza esandi enobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-25khz ngomzuzwana, izigidi zeebhubhu ezincinci eziveliswayo kwisisombululo esenziwe ngemali eyilelwe ngokucokisekileyo. Ezi gubble ezincinci, ngexesha loxinzelelo olukhawulezileyo kunye nolwandiso, zivelisa i-bubble imbambano, ivumela iindawo zokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye zihlukane nomgangatho ofanelekileyo.
3 ISIQINISEKISO
I-Nano Cria kunye nezixhobo zayo ezihlanganisiweyo zinokunyanga ngokufanelekileyo i-ions kunye neengcongconi eziphilayo emanzini, kwaye zibe namandla abalulekileyo kwimimandla yonyango lwexesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, uphando luphando lusekwinqanaba lelebhu, kwaye ukwenzela ukufezekisa isicelo ngokukhawuleza kunyango lwamanzi kwixesha elizayo, le micimbi ilandelayo isafuna ukujongana ngokungxamisekileyo:
(1) Ixabiso eliphezulu lokulungiselela i-nanoI-CEO2Izixhobo ezisekwe ngokusekwe zihlala ziyinto ebalulekileyo kubuninzi bezicelo zabo kunyango lwamanzi, olusekwinqanaba lophando elebhu. Ukuphonononga iindlela zokulungiselela eziphantsi, ezilula nezisebenzayo ezinokulawula i-morphology kunye nobungakanani bezixhobo ze-NAO2 ze-EAO2 zisekugxilwe kuphando.
. Inxalenye yayo nge-resin Izixhobo okanye izixhobo zemagnethi ziya kuba yindlela ephambili yophando kulungiselelo lwayo kunye nokurisayikilisha itekhnoloji yokuphinda isebenze kwakhona.
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. Inkqubo yonyango lwe-sebage ye-loger ihlala ibandakanya ukungcoliseka okuninzi, kwaye i-charbaints ezingcolisekileyo ziya kusebenzisana, ngokwenza oko, ngokutshintsha iimpawu zomhlaba kunye nokuba netyhefu ye-nanomatials. Ke ngoko, kukho isidingo esingxamisekileyo sokwenza uphando olungaphezulu kwimiba enxulumene noko.
Ixesha lokuphumla: Meyi-22-2023