Isizathu esiyinhloko esenza izimoto zikagesi zithole ukunakwa okukhulu kangaka komphakathi ukuthi ukusuka ezinjinini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezinentuthu ukuya ezimotweni zikagesi kungase kube nezinzuzo eziningi zemvelo, okusheshisa ukubuyiselwa kongqimba lwe-ozone nokunciphisa ukuncika jikelele komuntu emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi alinganiselwe.Lezi zonke izizathu ezinhle zokushayela izimoto zikagesi, kodwa lo mqondo unenkinga encane futhi ungase ube usongo emvelweni.Ngokusobala, izimoto zikagesi zisebenza ngogesi kunophethiloli.La mandla kagesi agcinwa ebhethrini langaphakathi le-lithium-ion.Into eyodwa abaningi bethu abavame ukuyikhohlwa ukuthi amabhethri awakhuli ezihlahleni.Nakuba amabhethri aphinde ashajwa emosha okuncane kakhulu kunamabhethri alahlwayo owathola kumathoyizi, kusadingeka ukuthi avele ndawana thize, okuwumsebenzi wokumba odla amandla.Amabhethri angase abe nobungane ngokwemvelo kunophethiloli ngemva kokuqeda imisebenzi, kodwa ukusungulwa kwawo kudinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela.
Izingxenye zebhethri
Ibhethri lezimoto zikagesi lakhiwe nge-conductive ehlukahlukeneizakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile, kuhlanganisei-neodymium, i-dysprosium, futhi kunjalo, i-lithium.Lezi zakhi zembiwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, ngesilinganiso esifanayo nezinsimbi eziyigugu njengegolide nesiliva.Eqinisweni, lezi zimbiwa phansi eziyivelakancane zibaluleke kakhulu kunegolide noma isiliva, njengoba akha umgogodla womphakathi wethu osebenza ngamabhethri.
Inkinga lapha inezici ezintathu: okokuqala, njengamafutha asetshenziswa ukukhiqiza uphethiloli, izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile ziwumthombo olinganiselwe.Miningi kuphela imithambo yalolu hlobo lwento emhlabeni wonke, futhi njengoba ilokhu iyancipha, intengo yayo izokhuphuka.Okwesibili, ukumba lezi zinsimbi kuyinqubo edla amandla kakhulu.Udinga ugesi ukuze unikeze uphethiloli wazo zonke izinto zokusebenza zezimayini, izinto zokukhanyisa, nemishini yokucubungula.Okwesithathu, ukucubungula i-ore ibe amafomu asebenzisekayo kuzodala inani elikhulu lemfucuza eyeqile, futhi okungenani okwamanje, asinakwenza lutho ngempela.Enye imfucuza ingase ibe ne-radioactivity, eyingozi kubantu nasezindaweni ezizungezile.
Yini esingayenza?
Amabhethri abe yingxenye ebalulekile yomphakathi wanamuhla.Singase sikwazi ukuqeda kancane kancane ukuncika kwethu kuwoyela, kodwa asikwazi ukuyeka ukumba amabhethri kuze kube yilapho othile ethuthukisa amandla e-hydrogen ahlanzekile noma ukuhlanganiswa okubandayo.Ngakho-ke, yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise umthelela omubi wokuvuna umhlaba okungavamile?
Isici sokuqala nesihle kakhulu ukugaywa kabusha.Uma nje amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi engaguquki, izakhi ezakhayo zingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amabhethri amasha.Ngaphezu kwamabhethri, ezinye izinkampani zezimoto bezicwaninga izindlela zokugaywa kabusha kozibuthe bezimoto, nazo ezenziwe ngezakhi zomhlaba eziyivelakancane.
Okwesibili, sidinga ukushintsha izingxenye zebhethri.Izinkampani zezimoto bezicwaninga ukuthi zingasuswa kanjani noma zishintshe ezinye izinto ezingavamile kumabhethri, njenge-cobalt, ngezinto ezihambisana nemvelo nezitholakala kalula.Lokhu kuzonciphisa umthamo wezimayini odingekayo futhi kwenze ukugaywa kabusha kube lula.
Ekugcineni, sidinga idizayini yenjini entsha.Isibonelo, ama-switched reluctance motors anganikwa amandla ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izibuthe zomhlaba eziyivelakancane, okuzonciphisa isidingo sethu semihlaba engavamile.Okwamanje azikathembeki ngokwanele ukuthi zisetshenziswe kwezohwebo, kodwa isayensi ikufakazele lokhu.
Kusukela ezithakazelweni ezihamba phambili zemvelo yingakho izimoto zikagesi sezidume kakhulu, kodwa lena impi engapheli.Ukuze sizuze konke okusemandleni ethu, sidinga njalo ukucwaninga ubuchwepheshe obulandelayo ukuze sithuthukise umphakathi wethu futhi sisuse ukumosha.
Umthombo: Industry Frontiers
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-30-2023